活塞销断裂失效分析  

Analysis of fracture failure of piston pin

作　　者：胥锴[1] 邱正来 刘传河 张书权 XU Kai QIU Zheng - lai LIU Chuan - he ZHANG Shu - quan(Anhui Vocational College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhu 241000 China Anhui Siait Cable Group Co. , Ltd. Wuhu 241000 China Beijing Cockerill Metallurgical Engineering Teehnology Co. , Ltd, Beijing 100000 China Institute of Plasma Physics of Chinese Academy of, Hefei 230000 China)

机构地区：[1]安徽机电职业技术学院机械工程系,安徽芜湖241000 [2]安徽新亚特电缆集团有限公司,安徽芜湖241000 [3]北京考克利尔冶金工程技术有限公司,北京100000 [4]中国科学院等离子体物理研究所,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《新余学院学报》2017年第2期5-7,共3页Journal of Xinyu University

摘　　要：某活塞销在远低于设计寿命的状态下提前发生断裂失效,通过断口宏观、微观分析、金相组织检测和表面渗碳层检验等手段对其失效性质及裂纹萌生原因进行了分析。结果表明:活塞销材质无明显冶金缺陷,渗碳工艺过程基本正常。失效为旋转疲劳断裂,开裂引发在内孔表面,并且其表面非常粗糙,氧化脱碳往往在淬火过程中和运行时萌生裂纹,该裂纹在扩展过程中,迅速扩展的位置位于最大应力截面处,最后在接近外圆处发生瞬时断裂。要避免活塞销提前发生断裂失效,就必须严格控制活塞销内孔表面加工质量和最终淬火加热过程中的氧化脱碳。A piston pin fracture occurred much earlier than the design life in a company. Failure characteristics and crack initiation reasons are studied by means of fracture surface observation, metallurgical structure examination anti surface carburization testing. The results show that the material of piston pin has no obvious metallurgical defects, and the process of carburizing of piston pin is basically normal. Failure of piston pin is rotary fatigue fracture. The crack source which can be seen on the surface of the inner hole is very rough, and oxidation anti decarburization of the surfaces often cause crack initiation in quenching and operation. In the expansion process, the rapidly expanding crack is located at the maximum stress section, and instantaneous fracture occurred in the near outer circle. It is suggested that the surface machining quality of piston pin is strictly t.ontrolled, avoiding oxidation and decarburization in final quenching process.

关 键 词：活塞销 断裂失效 表面渗碳 组织 

分 类 号：TG115[金属学及工艺—物理冶金] TG162[金属学及工艺—金属学]