TDI-CCD全景式航空相机对地目标定位的算法  

Geo-Location Algorithm for TDI-CCD Aerial Panoramic Camera

作　　者：杜言鲁 丁亚林[1] 许永森[1] 刘志明[1] 修吉宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所中科院航空光学成像与测量重点实验室,吉林长春130033 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《光学学报》2017年第3期348-358,共11页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：青年科学基金项目(61405192);吉林省科技发展计划(20140520114JH)

摘　　要：为准确获取摄影区域地理位置信息,针对时间延迟积分电荷耦合器件(TDI-CCD)全景式航空相机未配备激光测距仪的情况,提出一种直接对地目标定位算法。依据机载定位定向系统(POS)测量的载机位置、姿态信息以及航空相机中编码器测量的俯角、位角信息,利用齐次坐标变换求解成像系统视轴(LOS)在地理坐标下的指向角以WGS-84坐标系下定义的地球椭球模型为基础,利用地球椭球计算理论确定目标区域经纬度信息。采用蒙特卡罗方法仿真分析了载机姿态角测量误差以及相机俯角、位角误差对视轴指向角计算精度的影响;着重分析了摄影倾斜角和目标区域地形起伏对对地目标定位精度的影响,指出摄影倾斜角和目标区域地形起伏越小,定位精度越高。采用飞行实验验证了该对地目标定位算法的有效性,在飞行高度为17750m,摄影倾斜角在63°~75°范围内,对地目标定位圆概率误差小于212.96m,可满足工程实际需要。In order to obtain the geographic location of photography areas accurately,the geo-location algorithm is developed for time delay integral-charge coupled device（TDI-CCD）aerial panoramic camera without the laser range finder.Using aircraft position and attitude information measured by airborne position and orientation system（POS）along with the depression angle and position angle from the encoder in aerial camera,line of sight（LOS）pointing angle in geographic coordinate is solved by homogeneous coordinate transformation.According to the WGS-84 ellipsoidal earth model,longitude and latitude location is solved with the earth ellipsoid calculation theory.The influence of aircraft attitude angle measurement error and the depression angle and position angle measurement error on line of sight pointing angle calculation accuracy is analyzed with the Monte Carlo method.The impact of photography inclination angle and topographic change of target region on geo-location precision is investigated,which shows that the precision of geo-location is higher when the photography inclination angle and topographic change of target region are smaller.The validity of the geo-location algorithm is verified by the flight test in which the plane flies at an altitude of 17750 mand the photography inclination angle ranges from 63°to 75°.The circular error probability of target geo-location is less than 212.96 m,which meets the requirement of the project.

关 键 词：遥感 航空相机 对地目标定位 齐次坐标变换 误差分析 

分 类 号：V249[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]