早期“人蛇”主题研究  

On the Early Human-snake Motifs

作　　者：韩鼎[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学中国古代史研究中心

出　　处：《考古》2017年第3期82-93,共12页Archaeology

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"大遗址与河洛三代都城文明研究"(编号13&ZD100);河南省教育厅人文社科一般项目"饕餮纹研究"(编号2017-ZZJH-058)的中期研究成果

摘　　要：新石器时代至西周时期,考古材料中见到的"人蛇"主题大致包括"神人操蛇"和"半人半蛇"两种类型,可能主要反映了古代祭祀等活动中巫觋操蛇作法的情形,表达巫觋借助蛇的能力来沟通神灵、祖先的意义。其中"半人半蛇"类型又可分为"人首蛇身"和"人身蛇臂"两种形式,分别是对巫觋下肢盘蛇和上肢操蛇的象征表现。The human-snake motif in early China （from Neolithic Age to Western Zhou） seen from the archaeological data contains two main types： anthropomorphic deity holding snake and half-human half-snake. The human-snake motif might mainly reflect the scene of wizards holding snake to play magic at the occasions of sacrificial ceremonies. In order to communicate with deities and ancestors, the wizards tried to borrow or obtain the power of snakes. The half-human half-snake type includes two subtypes： human head with snake body and human body with snake-arms, both of which suggest that the wizards absorbed the snake＇ s power into themselves, and could help the wizards to cross the boundary of life and death in sacrificial ceremonies.

关 键 词：新石器时代至西周 人蛇主题 神人操蛇 半人半蛇 巫觋 

分 类 号：K871[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]