试析当下中国高等教育的病症、病因及其对策  

Analysis of the Problems,Causes and Countermeasures of Current Higher Education in China

作　　者：高山奎[1] 刘艳[2] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学哲学学院,上海200433 [2]江苏师范大学智慧教育学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《山东科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第2期100-110,共11页Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学青年基金项目(13CZX061);第59批中国博士后科研基金面上资助(2016M591610)

摘　　要：中国高等教育在规模扩张过程中取得了举世瞩目的成绩,但在内涵发展上却存在诸多瓶颈尚需突破,或可归结为如下六个方面:高考招生"见分不见人";学生培养重知不重"能";招纳贤才务虚不求实;职称评审数量压倒质量;管理模式行政官僚化;大学校长功利少担当。造成这些教育乱象的原因很多,但从根本上看,主要可以归结为两个方面:一是西方现代理性主义危机导致价值理性与工具理性分裂、工具理性盛行和量化思维主导;二是虚无主义对中国传统文化的断头,导致传统文化失语、精英意识淡漠、功利化盛行和教育行政化严重。为了从根本上治愈这些病症,需要在去除教育行政化,推动传统文化的出场,转变数量化管理思维和革新职称评审机制等问题上有所作为。Chinese higher education has made remarkable achievements in the expansion process, but in the connotation of develop- ment, there are many bottlenecks still to break through. These can be attributed to the following seven aspects： 1. The college en- trance examination can only rely on the grades instead of the qualities; 2. Students＇s education emphasizes knowledge more than abilities; 3. Recruitment of talents prefer theories to practical skills; 4. Evaluation of professional titles stresses number instead of unity; 5. The administration has the bureaucratic style; 6. University presidents pay more attention to benefits than obligations; 7. unfair systems lead to corruption, etc.. There are many reasons for these educational chaos, but in essence, they can be classi- fied into two aspects： one is that the crisis of modern western rationalism results in the division of value rationality and instrumen- tal rationality, which is the reflection of practical difficulties of European style of higher education in the practice of higher educa- tion of China; the other is that the traditional culture is interrupted by nihilism, leading to the aphasia of traditional culture, weak- ening of elite consciousness, prevailing of utilitarianism, and aggravation of administrative education. This is the problem of Chi- nese universities lacking Souls belonging, and attending to one thing and losing another, caused by long time of ＂worshiping the western and restricting the East＂, a centurial debate. In order to cure the disease fundamentally, we need to remove the education administration, promote the role of traditional culture, change the thinking of numberic management, and innovate professional ti- tle evaluation mechanism, etc.

关 键 词：教育行政化 价值理性 工具理性 高等教育改革 

分 类 号：G649.2[文化科学—高等教育学]