能源作物芦苇适宜收获期研究  

Research on the Optimal Harvesting Time of the Energy Crop of Phragmites australis

作　　者：朱作华[1] 蔡侠[1] 谢纯良[1] 李智敏[1] 严理[1] 龚文兵[1] 胡镇修[1] 彭源德[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院麻类研究所,长沙410205

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2017年第2期69-74,102,共7页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：基金项目:国家麻类产业技术体系(CARS-19-E26);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IBFC08)

摘　　要：本研究收集洞庭湖区不同生长期的芦苇,并对其主要生长指标及纤维素、半纤维素、木质素等主要化学组成进行测量分析,以期获得用于乙醇生产的芦苇适宜收获期。结果显示,芦苇全杆干重在整个生长期呈增加趋势,其中7~9月中旬,干重增加较快,单株干重平均每天增加2.10 g左右;芦苇的纤维素含量在41%左右,单株纤维素产量呈逐渐增加的趋势,7~9月中旬增长速率较快,9月中下旬纤维素产量增加缓慢;半纤维素含量在整个收获的时间段内变化不大,含量为37%左右;木质素含量最低为20.70%,最高为25.87%;单株木质素产量5~8月增长较快,9月后增长速率趋于平缓。综合考虑芦苇的干重、半纤维素、纤维素及木质素产量等,初步确定用作乙醇生产原料的芦苇适宜收获时期为9月中旬前后,此段时间芦苇干重较高,木质素含量低,而纤维素、半纤维素产量相对较高。In this study, Phragmites australis in Dongting lake area were harvested at different growth stages to analyze the main growth indices of Phragmites australis and the chemical composition of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in order to acquire the optimal harvesting time for ethanol production. Results showed that the dry weight of stalks was increased significantly throughout the crops＂ growth, es-pecially from July to the middle of September, which increased about 2. 10 g a day of per plant; the con-ent of cellulose was about 41 % which reflected an increasing trend of single plant, showing its higher growth rate in the period from July to the middle of September and slower growth rate since late in Sep-ember; the content of hemicellulose had no obvious change during the whole harvest time, which was a-ound 37% ; the content of lignin was from 20. 7 0 % to 25. 8 7 % , which increased significantly from May o August and kept stable after September. The yield of dry weight, the content of cellulose and hemicel-ulose were higher in the middle of September, while the content of lignin was lower. Therefore, the opti-mum harvesting time of Phragmites australis for ethanol production was around the middle of September with the consideration of the yield of dry weight, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.

关 键 词：芦苇 收获期 纤维素 生物乙醇 

分 类 号：S564.2[农业科学—作物学]