内蒙古野生和栽培石刁柏种子及植株生长特征观测  

An Observation on Seed Features and Plant Growth Characteristics of Wild Asparagus in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：何劲莉[1] 刘嘉伟[2] 孙淑英[1] 王尚武[1] 高建民[1] 张铁峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010021 [2]内蒙古农业大学农学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2017年第3期1143-1148,共6页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2012MS0308);内蒙古财政厅项目(室内田园集成智能化灌溉技术及标准化研究)共同资助

摘　　要：为了开发芦笋种质资源,促进芦笋的遗传改良和育种,本研究采集了3处不同生境下的野生石刁柏(Asparagus officinalis)材料,以内蒙古地区常用的栽培品种(MW.500#-W)为对照,采用随机区组试验设计,在相同的种植和管理条件下,对其果实特征、种子特征及发芽状况及生长速率、株高、侧枝长、枝节间长、萌糵数、花数等指标进行对比观测和分析。结果表明,不同野生石刁柏材料及栽培品种的果实和种子在形态特征及发芽率、发芽势等方面均存在显著差异。栽培品种的生长速率明显快于野生种,但开花和种子生产性能不良,管理难度大。而野生种植株低矮,试材A和试材C开花量大,结实性能优秀。多样性的特征,为石刁柏新品种培育和改良及增加芦笋生产的多样性具有重要意义。In order to develop new germplasm of Asparagus, promote genetic improvement and breeding, three wild Asparagus（Asparagus officinalis L.） materials in different habitats were chosen, and the conventional cultivar（MW. 500#-W） was as controls（CK） to compare the fruit characteristics, seed features and germination percentage.All test materials were planted in an experimental field to observe the growth rates, plant height, branch length,Internode length, tiller number and flower numbers. A randomized block experiment design was used with relatively similar management condition. The results showed that there were significant differences on fruit feature as well as seed thousand kernel weight, germination rate and germinability between the wild Asparagus and conventional cultivar. The growth rate of CK was significantly fast than the wild Asparagus. However, the flowering and seed production ability of CK were not as good as the wild materials. Three wild materials all had short plant heights. But the Wild A and Wild C owned distinguished flowering performance that means they had the good seed producing capacity. Multifarious features of Asparagus were important to improve Asparagus quality traits,breed new variety and increase Asparagus yield.

关 键 词：芦笋 野生石刁柏 种子特征 植株生长特征 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S644.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]