现代社会中的“家庭”及其所代表的伦理性原则——黑格尔《法哲学原理》中“家庭”问题的解读  

Family and Its Ethical Principle in Modern Society——A Reading of the Relevant Chapters of Hegel's Elements of the Philosophy of Right

作　　者：孙向晨[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学哲学学院,教授上海200433

出　　处：《学术月刊》2017年第4期15-27,共13页Academic Monthly

摘　　要：在黑格尔法哲学的"伦理生活"中,有家庭、市民社会与国家三个环节,这三个环节被认为是个体获得自由的现实条件。人们常常瞩目于"市民社会"与"国家"的关系,"家庭"似乎从来都是一个可有可无的发展环节,一再被人们所忽视。事实上,"家庭"不仅仅是"伦理生活"的一个直接的、自然的环节,它还代表了一种与"个体性原则"不同的"伦理性原则"。我们不妨跳出黑格尔的三段式,从个体性与伦理性的"双重原则"来理解黑格尔;"抽象法"与"道德"代表了现代社会的"个体性原则",而"家庭-市民社会-国家"则代表了一种"伦理性原则"。"家庭"在"个体"的形成,"市民社会"的补救,"国家"的认同,乃至"世界精神"的产生上,都有着不可或缺的地位。由此可见,家庭以及家庭所代表的伦理性原则依然需要在现代世界中发扬光大。In the ＂ethical life＂ of Hegel＇s Elements of Philosophy of Right, there are three moments： family, civil society and state, which are regarded as the real condition of the actualization of individual freedom. And scholars pay more attention to civil society and state while family is nearly forgotten. Essentially, family is not only a direct and natural moment in the ethical life, it also represents an ethical principle, which is different from individual principle. So let＇s forget Hegel＇s syllogism for a while, and to interpret Hegel＇s philosophy of right from a dual-principle point of view： individual and ethical. Hegel studies abstract right and morality in an individual perspective, and puts family, civil society and state in an ethical perspective. Family is not just a moment, but a principle which plays a great role in the formation of individual, the remedy of civil society, the identity of state, and the producing of world-spirit. In this sense, family and its ethical principle will still continue to flourish in modern society.

关 键 词：家庭 个体性原则 伦理性原则 市民社会 国家 

分 类 号：B5[哲学宗教—外国哲学]