miRNA在哺乳动物性腺发育中的功能  

miRNA function in mammal gonad development

作　　者：谌馥佳[1] 王春弘[1] 李大红[1] 李恩中[1] 

机构地区：[1]黄淮学院生物与食品工程学院,河南驻马店463000

出　　处：《草业科学》2017年第4期861-868,共8页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目"瓜蒌抗肿瘤多糖关键精制技术及药物筛选模型研究"(152102210025)

摘　　要：MicroRNA(miRNA)作为一种内源性的非编码RNA,以影响靶基因表达的方式来调节机体功能。miRNA能调控哺乳动物性腺(睾丸和卵巢)的发育,促进精子与卵母细胞的分化成熟,影响受精卵的发育过程,并可能作为诊断生殖疾病卵巢癌的重要指标。本文对miRNA的生物合成过程,miRNA在哺乳动物性腺发育以及卵巢癌变过程中的调控功能进行了综述,提出该领域主要发展方向是miRNA在哺乳动物性腺发育中的体内功能研究,希望以分子生物学和生物信息学手段,从分子、系统等不同角度阐明单一某种miRNA在哺乳动物性腺发育及卵巢癌变过程中的具体调节机制和信号通路情况。这为研究哺乳动物生殖疾病,选育畜牧生产中优质品种提供了新的思路和途径。MicroRNA（miRNA）,a class of endogenous noncoding RNAs,plays a role in regulation of the body＇s physiological function by affecting target gene expression.miRNAs can regulate the development of gonads（testicles and ovaries）,promote maturation and differentiation of sperm and oocytes,and affect the growth of oosperm.miRNAs can be used as an important index in diagnosis of ovarian cancer.This paper summarizes miRNAs＇ biogenesis and its regulation in mammal gonadal development and the progress of ovarian cancer;research has mainly focused on these functions in vivo.The regulation mechanisms and signalling pathways of miRNAs in gonadal development of mammals and ovarian cancer is revealed through molecules,systems,and other aspects of biology through molecular biology and bioinformatics.We provide new thoughts and approaches for reproductive disease research and high-quality animal breeding.

关 键 词：MIRNA 哺乳动物 睾丸 卵巢 精子 卵巢癌 性腺发育 

分 类 号：S814.1[农业科学—畜牧学]