纳米银对小麦赤霉病菌的抑制  

Inhibition of Fusarium graminearum by silver nanoparticles

作　　者：李琴琴[1] 赵英虎[1] 高莉[1] 侯倩倩[1] 王芳[1] 贾万利[1] 王英勇[2] Qinqin Li Yinghu Zhao Li Gao Qianqian HOU Fang Wang Wanli Jial Yingyong Wang(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, Shanxi, China State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,山西太原030051 [2]中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所煤转化国家重点实验室,山西太原030001

出　　处：《生物工程学报》2017年第4期620-629,共10页Chinese Journal of Biotechnology

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(No.20140311008-7);纳米功能复合材料山西省重点实验室开放基金项目(No.NFCM201603);山西省青年科技研究基金(Nos.2012021027-3;2014021027-3)资助~~

摘　　要：采用化学还原法制备纳米银,以小麦赤霉病菌为受试菌株,研究纳米银对小麦赤霉病菌抗菌活性、对细胞内3种保护酶:超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和对细胞渗透调节物质:丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量的影响。结果表明:纳米银能显著抑制小麦赤霉病菌的生长,抑制作用随着浓度的增加而不断增大,10μg/mL的纳米银对病原菌的抑制率达90%以上,有效中浓度(EC_(50))为0.59μg/mL。随着纳米银处理时间(2、4、6、8和10 h)的增长,3种酶的活性均出现先增加后降低的变化。SOD、POD和CAT均在4 h出现最高值,10 h降至最低。纳米银使得菌体内丙二醛含量增加,可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量降低。纳米银破坏了病原真菌体内细胞的完整性,这可能是纳米银抑制病原菌生长的机理之一。Silver nanoparticles were prepared by chemical reduction. Fusarium graminearum was used as the test strain. To study the inhibition of F. graminearum by silver nanoparticles, we studied the activities of protective enzymes superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT）, and the contents of osmotic adjustment substances soluble protein, soluble sugar and malonaldehyde （MDA） in F. graminearum. Silver nanoparticles inhibited F graminearum and the inhibitory effect was increased with the concentration of silver nanoparticles. The inhibition rate of 10 ~tg/mL silver nanoparticles was more than 90% and EC5o was 0.59 ~tg/mL. When the treating time prolonged （2, 4, 6, 8 and I0 h）, the activity of SOD, CAT and POD increased firstly and then declined. SOD, POD and CAT reached the maximum at 4 hours, and decreased to minimum at 10 hours. Silver nanoparticles also increased the MDA content and reduced the soluble sugar and protein contents in pathogens. These results indicated that cell integrity was destroyed in the presence of silver. This may be one of the inhibiting mechanisms of silver nanoparticles on the growth ore graminearum.

关 键 词：纳米银 小麦赤霉病菌 抗真菌活性 抑菌机理 

分 类 号：S435.121.45[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]