单侧小腿截肢者穿戴假肢后行走功能的评价  

Walking Ability of Unilateral Transtibial Amputees with Prostheses

作　　者：魏艳琴[1] 曹学军[1,2] 杨平[1,2] 蔡丽飞[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学康复医学院,北京市100068 [2]中国康复研究中心康复工程研究所,北京市100068

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2017年第3期358-362,共5页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(No.2015CZ-19)

摘　　要：目的探讨单侧小腿截肢者穿戴假肢后的步行特点。方法 2016年4至12月,20例单侧小腿截肢穿戴假肢者为实验组,20名健康成年人为对照组,分别进行L测试、静态站立平衡测试、室内6分钟步行测试(6MWT)和室外1000 m复杂路面步行测试。结果 L测试中,穿戴定踝软跟脚和储能脚患者的完成时间无显著性差异(t=0.675,P>0.05)。平衡测试中,实验组和对照组重心轨迹面积、重心轨迹长度、X最大偏移量和Y最大偏移量无显著性差异(t<0.803,P>0.05)。6MWT中,实验组和对照组各项参数均存在非常显著性差异(t>2.774,P<0.01)。室外1000 m步行测试完成时间和能量消耗实验组和对照组间存在非常高度显著性差异(t>4.130,P<0.001)。结论单侧小腿截肢穿戴假肢者与正常人的行走功能存在差异;不同类型假脚可能对患者步行能力产生影响。Objective To investigate walking ability of amputees with unilateral transtibial prosthesis. Methods From April to December, 2016, 20 unilateral transtibial amputees（patients） and 20 healthy adults（controls） were tested with L test, balance test, 6-minute walk test（6MWT） and 1000 m walking outdoor on various terrain. Results There was no significant difference in time of L test between the amputees wearing Solid Ankle Cushion Heel（SACH） and Storage Foot（t=0.675, P〈0.05）. In balance tests, there was no significant difference in the total track length, confidence ellipse area, maximum horizontal deviation and maximum vertical deviation between the patients and the controls（t〈0.803, P〈0.05）. Each parameter was significantly different in 6MWT between them（t〉2.774, P〈0.01）, as well as the time and energy expenditure of outdoor 1000 m walk test（t〉4.130, P〈0.001）. Conclusion The walking ability of the unilateral transtibial amputees wearing prostheses is different from normal people. The transtibial prosthetic feet that the amputees wear may impact their walking ability.

关 键 词：单侧小腿截肢 步行 假肢 评定 

分 类 号：R687.5[医药卫生—骨科学]