基于DOE的大型下架体铸钢件铸造工艺优化研究  

Casting Process Optimization for Large Lower Frame Body of Heavy Gyratory Crusher Based on DOE

作　　者：向青春[1] 张伟[1] 邱克强[1] 孙治国[1] 孙爱新[2] 杨桂星[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院,沈阳110870 [2]沈阳铸锻工业有限公司铸钢分公司,沈阳110142

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2017年第6期88-93,共6页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：沈阳市科技计划资助项目(F13-036-2-00)

摘　　要：特大型旋回破碎机下架体铸件生产中产生大量的缩孔缩松缺陷,无法满足质量要求。经研究认为,该铸件产生的缩孔缺陷主要由铸件的内圈冒口类型、内圈和外圈冒口是否添加补贴及补贴类型、浇注温度等因素决定。采用Taguchi试验设计(Design of experiment,DOE)方法,以铸件缩孔体积最小和工艺出品率最高作为试验指标,以内圈冒口类型、内圈补贴、外圈补贴和浇注温度作为影响因子,设计L_9(3~4)正交试验方案,通过ProCAST软件对9组试验方案进行模拟并分析结果,获得了该铸件的最优铸造工艺为内圈用4个圆柱形发热冒口补缩、内圈和外圈均添加补贴、在1 560℃浇注。实际浇注验证结果表明,采用DOE法对该大型铸钢件的铸造工艺优化在最大程度上减少了缩孔缩松的产生,同时也提高了铸造工艺出品率。In the casting of the large lower frame bodies for heavy gyratory crushers, many shrinkage defects are frequently generated in these steel castings, so the quality of them cannot be satisfied. The research indicates that whether the shrinkage defects are formed in them is mainly dependent on the process parameters such as the type of risers on the inner part of the casting, the pads of risers on the inner and outer parts of the casting, the type of riser pads, and the pouring temperature. Based on the principle of design of experiment （DOE）, considering the above-mentioned four process parameters as the influence factors, a L9（34） orthogonal test scheme was designed to optimize the casting process of the large lower frame body for heavy gyratory crushers, aiming at two test indexes, i.e. the volume of casting shrinkage defects to be minimal and the process yield to be maximal. With the CAE software of ProCAST, nine groups of casting process programs in the L9 （34） orthogonal test scheme were calculated and simulated. By analyzing the simulation results, the optimized casting process was put forward for the large lower frame body of the heavy gyratory crusher, i.e the inner part of the casting is fed with four cylindrical exothermic risers, the pads of risers are used both on the inner and outer parts of the casting, and the pouring temperature is 1 560℃. And the results of the practical casting experiments show that it can not only reduce the shrinkage defects to the greatest extent but also improve the process yield by using DOE method to optimize the foundry process of this large steel casting.

关 键 词：大型铸钢件 缩孔 工艺出品率 DOE 正交试验 

分 类 号：TG242[金属学及工艺—铸造]