当前欧美国家基于“治理”理念的早期儿童服务管理职能变革  

Changes in Management Functions in Early Childhood Service Based on the Concept of“Governence”:Current Situation in European and American Countries

作　　者：刘昆[1] 郭力平[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学,上海200062

出　　处：《现代教育管理》2017年第4期118-123,共6页Modern Education Management

基　　金：国家社科基金规划教育学重点课题"保障适龄儿童接受基本而有质量的学前教育政策和机制研究"之子课题"东部发达地区保基本;有质量的学前教育政策机制研究"(AHA110004)

摘　　要：20世纪80年代以来,在"治理"理念影响下,欧美各国早期儿童服务的管理职能开始变革。主要表现在三个方面:管理一体化、去集权化和私立机构参与。管理一体化主要呈现出协调治理、合并治理与创建新部门主要模式,去集权化包括从国家政府主宰到地方政府自治和广泛利益相关者参与治理两种主要策略,私立机构参与将公共与私营早期儿童教育部门从竞争转变为合作关系。不论采取哪种治理模式都存在潜在风险,因此各国不能因"治理"而"治理",需根据国情做出科学的治理决策。Since the 1980s, under the influence of the concept of governence, many of the management functions in the eraly childhood service in Europe and the United States began to change into administrative integration, decentralisation and privatisation. Among them, the administrative integration shows three models which include coordinated governance, consolidated governance and creating a new governance department. Decentralisation include the transformation of national government dominates to local government autonomy and broad stakeholder participation in governance. Also, privatisation changs the competitional relationship between the public and private early childhood education sector. But no matter what kind of governance model, it may face the potential risks. Therefore, a country can not implement educational governance blindly, scientific governance decisions should be made according to their own situation.

关 键 词：治理 早期儿童服务 管理职能 欧美国家 

分 类 号：G649.21[文化科学—高等教育学]