小麦秸秆还田量和还田方式对砂姜黑土地玉米生长发育的影响  

Effects of returning amount and manner of wheat straw on maize growth in lime concretion black soil field

作　　者：郭静[1] 周可金[2] 刘芳[1] 陈琳[1] 査道贵 

机构地区：[1]宿州职业技术学院农艺系,安徽宿州234101 [2]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2017年第4期521-527,共7页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金重点项目(2014A254)

摘　　要：为了探究在砂姜黑土地上适宜的秸秆还田量和秸秆还田方式,试验设置了2因素不同水平组合9个处理,以郑单958为试验材料,研究不同处理对玉米株高、第四茎节单位茎长干物质量、光合参数、根系数量和干质量、穗部性状、产量等多项指标的影响。结果表明,2/3秸秆量深耕翻还田的处理秸秆还田效应最好、产量最高,所有指标高于或显著(P<0.05)高于其他处理;其次是2/3秸秆量浅旋耕还田的处理;全量秸秆直接覆盖还田的处理产量最低。方差分析结果表明,在砂姜黑土地上2/3秸秆还田量极显著(P<0.01)优于1/2秸秆还田量和全量还田量,全量还田量为最差还田量;深耕翻极显著(P<0.01)优于浅旋耕和粉碎后直接覆盖还田,直接覆盖还田为最差还田方式。在砂姜黑土地上应推广2/3秸秆量深耕翻还田。To explore the suitable straw returning amount and manner in lime concretion black soil field, the experi-ment including 9 treatments with different level combinations of 2 test factors was performed on growth of maize culti- var Zhengdan 958. The indexes determined included plant height, ratio of dry weight to length of 4th internode, pho-tosynthesis indexes, root number and weight, ear characters and yield. It was shown that the treatment of 2/3 straw amount returning with deep ploughing up led to the best straw returning effect and the highest yield, of which all in-dexes were higher or significantly （ P 〈 0. 05 ） higher than those of other treatments. The treatment of 2/3 straw a-mount returning with shallow rotary tillage was next in rank. While the treatment of whole quantity returning with di-rectly covering revealed the worst performance and the lowest yield. The variance analysis of each index indicated that 2/3 straw amount returning was significantly （P 〈0. 01） better than 1/2 straw amount and the whole quantity, and the whole quantity was the worst straw returning amount. Deep ploughing showed significantly （P 〈0. 01） better effect on maize growth than that of the shallow rotary tillage and directly covering after crushing, and directly covering performed the worst. So, 2/3 straw amount returning with deep ploughing up should be extensively promoted in limeconcretion black soil field.

关 键 词：小麦秸秆 还田量 还田方式 砂姜黑土 玉米 

分 类 号：S318[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]