中小企业支持政策的有效性检验及影响因素——基于23个省市388家企业的有序多分类Logistic模型分析  

The Efficiency and Influencing Factor of the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Policy——Based on Ordinal Logistic Regression by the Data of 388 Enterprises from 23 Provinces

作　　者：张秀利[1] 祝志勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《技术经济与管理研究》2017年第5期81-86,共6页Journal of Technical Economics & Management

基　　金：教育部中央高校基本科研业务费重点项目(SWU1609123);重庆社会科学规划项目(2012QNJJ057)

摘　　要：国内理论界重视政策的制定而忽视政策有效与否的现象较为普遍。文章构建了涵盖产业、金融、财税及公共服务政策在内的综合性评价指标体系,并利用23个省市388家企业的调研数据,采用因子分析和有序多分类Logistic回归方法考察了当前中小企业支持政策有效性及其影响因素。实证研究表明:四项政策的重要性程度不一,财税政策被认为是最重要的政策;政策有效性方面,产业政策最具有效性,而金融政策有效性最为不足;在分项政策内部,各具体措施的有效性也存在较大不同;企业性质、行业属性、经营状况、成长年限、市场环境、政府动机、政策科学性及政务公开因素、行政审批简便度因素对政策有效性有显著影响,且从各变量的偏回归系数得出了各因素内部五个分类变量下企业做出正负评价的概率,而企业规模、资金状况、政府办事效率和相关人员的服务态度对其没有显著影响;政策有效性在行业间、企业不同生命周期间存在显著差异,且政府和企业在扶持政策上都有短期行为特征。文章最后提出了政策见解。It is the fact that policy making is valued but whether the policy goes well is ignored in China. This paper builds evaluation index system, including the policies of industry, finance, public service, fiscal and taxation, and based on the data of 388 enterprises from 23 provinces, it tests the policy efficiency and its influencing factors by means of factor analysis and ordinal multi-classification logistic model. The results show that, the four policies are different in importance, and the most important is fiscal and taxation policy; the policy is not as effective as expected. The most effective is industry policy and the most ineffective is financial policy; the efficiency in details of each policy is different as well; nature of business, industry belonged, state of operation, life cycle,market environment, governments’ motives, scientificity and publicity of the policy, the improvement of administrative approval affect the pol-icy efficiency significantly, but other factors have no marked effects; the policy efficiency varies in industries and life cycles,and there lies short-term behavioral character both in government and enterprise. The paper finally put forward corresponding suggestions.

关 键 词：中小企业 产业政策 金融政策 公共服务 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]