法庭科学中泥土物证的热重分析方法研究  

Analyzing the Thermal Gravity of Soil Evidence

作　　者：丁敏菊 沈雯怡 杨茜璐[1] 刘贤萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市公安局物证鉴定中心,上海市现场物证重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室基地,上海200083 [2]同济大学/先进土木工程材料教育部重点实验室(同济大学),上海201804

出　　处：《刑事技术》2017年第2期116-119,共4页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：上海市公安局科学技术发展基金项目(2013007)

摘　　要：泥土物证是法庭科学中研究的重要内容之一。本文通过热分析方法,对来自不同地区的18种泥土全岩和粘粒级样品分别进行测试分析,研究不同地区土壤中有机质的含量变化和矿物的热特性。结果表明,不同地区泥土的有机质含量、化学组成以及矿物组成等特征的差异,会造成泥土样品的热失重曲线、微商热一阶导数曲线在热失重量、热失重速率和吸热峰、放热峰的峰位方面的较大差异,从而可以通过有机质含量和矿物的不同鉴别来自不同区域的泥土物证。该方法具有操作简便、样品用量少的特点,因此,适用于法庭地质学中对泥土物证的分析鉴定。Soil evidence is one of the main research subjects in forensic science.In this paper,18 soil samples from different regions were tested and analyzed together with the screened clays from those samples by the thermal gravity（TG）approach.The content variation of organic constituents was studied along with the thermal characteristics of minerals from the samples.The results show that the soils＇ both TG and DTA（differential thermal analysis） curves display their own difference at the quantity and so do the rate of weight-losing and the position of endothermic plus exothermic peaks,in relation to the samples＇ characteristics such as the content of organic constituents,chemical compositions and mineral ones.Thus,the soil evidence can be identified of its origin.This method is of simple operation and small sample dosage,suitable for the analysis and identification of soil evidence in forensic geology.

关 键 词：泥土物证 司法鉴定 热重分析方法 

分 类 号：DF794.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]