基于围隔实验的沙尘添加对西北太平洋寡营养海区小型浮游植物群落结构的影响  

Effects of Dust Deposition on Micro-Phytoplankton Community in an Oligotrophic Zone of Northwest Pacific Based on an Enclosure Experiment

作　　者：衣晓燕[1,2] 黄有松[2] 陈洪举[1,2] 王为民[1] 潘益锋[1] 刘光兴[1,2] 张寰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]中国海洋大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第5期27-33,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家重大科学研究计划项目(2014CB953700);国家自然科学基金重大国际(地区)合作研究项目(41210008)资助~~

摘　　要：为研究沙尘沉降入海对寡营养海区小型浮游植物(20~200μm)群落结构的影响,于2014年4月在西北太平洋寡营养盐海区进行了沙尘添加的现场船基围隔培养实验。结果表明,沙尘添加改变了原始海水的营养盐结构,在培养的过程中NO_3^-,NO_2^-以及SiO_3^(2-)营养盐的含量呈现下降趋势,PO_4^(3-)营养盐的含量呈现上升趋势。沙尘的添加导致小型浮游植物种类数减少了26%(对照组38种,沙尘组28种),且改变了优势种组成,细胞丰度由1 998cells/L增加至3 523cells/L。优势种由笔尖形根管藻(Rhizosolenia styliformis)(丰度233cells/L,占总丰度14.3%)、羽纹藻(Pinnulariaspp.)(丰度135cells/L,占总丰度8.3%)以及伯氏根管藻(Rhizosolenia bergonii)(丰度120cells/L,占总丰度7.4%)等演替为菱形藻(Nitzschiaspp.)(丰度2 835cells/L,占总丰度80.6%)和羽纹藻(丰度240cells/L,占总丰度6.8%)。沙尘添加促进了硅藻的生长,而甲藻的生长受到抑制,丰度明显下降。相对于对照组,沙尘组硅藻丰度增加了115.4%(对照组丰度由903cells/L增至1 568cells/L,沙尘组增至3 378cells/L),甲藻丰度减少了66.3%(对照组丰度由242cells/L增至430cells/L,沙尘组减至145cells/L)。研究显示,沙尘输入为西北太平洋寡营养海区小型浮游植物的生长贡献了营养盐等物质,不同浮游植物对沙尘添加后的响应不同,从而改变了小型浮游植物的群落结构。研究结果可为深入探讨沙尘对寡营养盐海区浮游植物群落结构和功能的影响提供参考依据。To study the effects of Asian dust deposition on the growth of marine micro-phytoplankton （20-200 μm）, an onboard encolsure experiment was performed in an oligotrophic Northwest Pacific in April, 2014. The addition of dust changed the concentration of nutrient compared to the control, and the concentration of NO3^-, NO2^-, SiO3^2- decreased and PO4^3- increased significantly during the whole incubation. Microscopic examination revealed that by the end of incubation, the total species number of the micro-phytoplankton decreased by 26% in the dust-addition treatments relative to the control （38 species in the control group and 28 species in the dust group）, and the total abundance increased to 3523 cells/ L from 1998 cells/L. The addition of dust substantially shifted the taxonomic composition of micro-phytoplankton community from Rhizosolenia styliformis （233 cells/L, 14. 3% of total abundance）, Pinnularia spp. （135 cells/L,8. 3% of total abundance）, Rhizosoleniabergonii （120 cells/L,7. 4% of total abundance） to Nitzschia spp. （2 835 cells/L,80. 6% of total abundance） and Pinnularia spp. （240 cells/ L, 6.8% of total abundance）. The abundance of diatom increased by 115.4% in the dust-addition treatments relative to the control （the abundance increased to 1 568 cells/L and 3 378 cells/L from 903 cells/ L respectively in the control and dust group）, while the abundance of dinoflagellate decreased by 66. 3% （the abundance increased to 430 cells/L in the control group and decreased to 145 cells/L in the dust group from 242 cells/L）. The results indicated that the response of different phytoplankton taxa to the addition of dust differed significantly, promoting the growth of diatom coexisting with inhibition of dinoflagellate. The dust addition could provide nutrients and other pollutants which altered the micro-phyto- plankton structure. The research provided preliminary understanding for further investigating the effects of dust on phytoplankton community structure and function of

关 键 词：沙尘 小型浮游植物 围隔实验 西北太平洋 寡营养海区 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]