基于SRP模型的甘肃省白龙江流域生态环境脆弱性评价  

Assessment of Eco-environmental Vulnerability of Bailongjiang Watershed in Southern Gansu Province Based on SRP Model

作　　者：齐姗姗[1] 巩杰[1] 钱彩云[1] 谢余初[2] 张影[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]广西师范学院北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2017年第1期224-228,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"甘肃白龙江流域景观格局与生态系统服务功能时空变化研究"(4127199)

摘　　要：[目的]综合评估甘肃省白龙江流域生态环境脆弱性,为生态环境的恢复重建和可持续性管理提供理论参考。[方法]基于生态敏感性—生态恢复力—生态压力度模型、层次分析法和GIS/RS软件等,通过计算生态环境脆弱性指数,将研究区生态环境脆弱性程度划分为微度脆弱、轻度脆弱、中度脆弱、重度脆弱和极度脆弱5个不同等级。[结果]甘肃省白龙江流域中度和重度脆弱区域占研究区总面积比例较大,分别占研究区总面积的28.94%和22.76%。其中,重度与极度脆弱区集中分布在植被覆盖度较低,城镇化较快,工农业发展迅速且人类活动强度较强的流域中部。[结论]研究区总体生态环境压力非常严峻,亟需研究其驱动机制及演变规律,以期为后续的生态恢复重建做准备。[Objective] The objective of the study is to provide theoretical support for ecological restoration and sustainable management in the future by comprehensive assessment of eco-environmental vulnerability in Bailongjiang watershed in Southern Gansu Province. [Methods] Based on ecological sensitivity-resilience- pressure model and characteristics of eco-environmental systems in Bailongjiang watershed in Southern Gansu, we used analytic hierarchy process（AHP） method to assess eco-environmental vulnerability with GIS/RS technology. According to the eco-environmental vulnerability index, the study area was classified into five levels： slight vulnerability（〈0.38）, light vulnerability（0.38~0.44）, moderate vulnerability（0.44 ~0.50）, high vulnerability（0.50~0.57） and extreme vulnerability（〉0.57）. [Results] The moderately and highly vulnerable area accounted for 28.93% and 22.76% of the total area. Moreover, the highly and extremely vulnerable area was primarily distributed in the middle reaches of Bailongjiang watershed, which was characterized with low vegetation coverage, rapid urbanization and industry and agricultural development and frequent human activities. [Conclusion] The watershed is facing huge eco-environmental pressures. It is urgent to study the driving mechanism and evolution rules in order to provide support for ecological restoration and reconstruction in near future.

关 键 词：SRP模型 生态环境脆弱性 白龙江流域 GIS AHP方法 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]