列车管定压对列车制动性能影响仿真研究  

Simulation Research on the Influence of Train Braking Performance of Train Pipe Setting Pressure

作　　者：魏伟[1] 胡杨[1] 赵旭宝[1] 张军[1] 张渊[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2017年第2期17-23,共7页Railway Locomotive & Car

基　　金：中国铁路总公司项目(2013J012A;2015J007-O)

摘　　要：我国货运列车一直使用500kPa和600kPa两种列车管定压,两种列车管定压带来列车管理和运用中的一系列问题,要求统一列车管定压呼声很高。但列车管定压对列车制动性能影响一直没有明确结论,因此统一列车管定压工作迟迟不能推进。使用基于气体流动理论的列车空气制动仿真系统,仿真分析了两种主管定压下重载列车的常用制动,紧急制动和常用制动后缓解的制动系统性能,系统的分析了列车管定压对列车制动和缓解性能的影响。计算结果表明,当常用制动减压量在140kPa以下时,主管定压600kPa时制动能力略强,约增强1.5%左右,其主要原因制动缸充风略快。当全制动时,主管定压600kPa比500kPa制动缸平衡压强高约74kPa,制动能力增强5.4%;主管定压600kPa时全制动减压量范围扩大,制动缸压强变化范围增大,列车调控能力更强。紧急制动时,定压600kPa制动能力比500kPa能力更强,制动距离缩短11.4%,主要原因是副风缸初压高,紧急制动后制动缸最终压力也高。常用制动缓解时,在制动系统漏泄较小时主管定压对列车再充风能力影响不大,但当制动系统漏泄较大时,列车管定压越高,再充风时间越长,在中度漏泄时,再充风时间约延长13.9%。Freight train in China has been using 500 kPa and 600 kPa two kind of brake pipe setting pressure, the brake pipe setting pressure difference brings a series of problems in the management and operation of train, there is a high demand for unifying brake pipe setting pressure. But the hrake pipe pressure influence on train hraking performance has been no clear conclusions, so the unified brake pipe pressure work can＇t go forward until now. Using the train air brake simulation system based on air flow theory, service application, emergency application and release performance of heavy haul trains under the two kinds of brake pipe setting pressure are the simulated, train braking and releasing performances with two kinds of brake pipe pressure are analyzed systemically. Simulation results show that when brake service application with pressure reduction less than 140 kPa, the train with 600 kPa brake pipe pressure has a slightly stronger braking ability, about 1. 5% increase, the main reason for this is the brake cylinder filling slightly faster. When full brake service application, comparing to the 500 kPa, brake cylinder equilibrium pressure is about 74 kPa higher, braking capacity increased 5. 4%, for the 600 kPa brake pipe pressure. Brake service application reduction range and cylinder pressure change range are enlarger, therefore the control ability of train is stronger for 600 kPa pipe pressure. When emergency application, the train brake ability is stronger, the train＇s stop distance will shorten 11.4% for 600 kPa compare to 500 kPa pipe pressure. The reason for this is that the higher initial pressure auxiliary reservoir, the higher brake cylinder equilibrium pressure. When release after brake service application, there is little difference for train recharge time for two kinds pipe pressure with brake system less leakage, but for brake system with stronger leakage, the train recharge time will extending for higher pipe pressure, for the average train brake system leakage level, recharge time will extend

关 键 词：铁路 货车 制动 列车管 

分 类 号：U260.138[机械工程—车辆工程]