光催化还原去除重金属铬Cr(Ⅵ)和铀U(Ⅵ)的研究进展  

Photocatalysts for Degrading Heavy Metal Chromium and Uranium: A Review

作　　者：姜淑娟[1,2] 宋少青[1,2] 卢长海[1,2] 乐长高[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学核资源与环境教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学化学生物与材料科学学院,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《东华理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期88-92,共5页Journal of East China University of Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21307011;51462002;21667003;51662003);东华理工大学核资源与环境教育部重点实验室基金(Z201408)

摘　　要：针对水体重金属(如铬和铀)的去除,可通过还原剂将水溶性高价重金属还原为低价固态,这是去除重金属富集的常用水体净化方法。其中,光催化技术以其低成本、无污染和强还原能力成为最有效的方法之一。利用太阳能在光催化剂作用下实现重金属铬和铀的还原去除,光催化剂主要包括基于TiO_2及g-C_3N_4半导体材料。研究表明,TiO_2和g-C_3N_4均是宽带半导体材料,光吸收主要发生在紫外区,对太阳光的利用效率低,为了改善其光吸收特性,利用杂原子掺杂、与其他半导体材料复合等方法窄化带隙,拓展吸收边界,提高光催化还原重金属性能。Along with the development of industry, environmental pollution is one of challenges faced by human beings. Over the past decade, the removal of heavy metals, such as Cr （VI） and U （ VI）, has become a hotspot. It is an economical and feasible method to remove heavy metals by reducing the water-soluble high-valence heavy metals to solid state of low-valence, in which the photocatalytic technology becomes one of the most effective meth- ods for its low-cost, pollution-free and strong reduction capability. This paper summarizes the research progress on the reduction and removal of heavy metals chromium and uranium by using solar energy with photocatalysts, inclu- ding TiO2 and g-C3N4-based semiconductors. It is found that both TiO2 and g-C3 N4 are broadband semiconductor materials. The absorption of light mainly occurs in the ultraviolet region, and the utilization efficiency of sunlight is very limited. In order to improve the light absorption properties, the researchers have developed the methods of heteroatom doping and combining TiO2 or g-C3N4 with other semiconductor materials to narrow the band gaps, ex- pand the absorption boundary and to improve the performance of photocatalytic reduction of heavy metals. Finally, the prospect of future research was put forward.

关 键 词：重金属 铬 铀 光催化 光催化剂 

分 类 号：X131[环境科学与工程—环境科学]