基于指数和法的烟叶重金属综合评价研究  

Research on the Linear Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Heavy Metals in Tobacco Leaf

作　　者：蒋佳磊[1] 斯文[1] 汤晓东[1] 赵攀攀[1] 朱书秀[1] 林垦[1] 陈晓水[1] 陆明华[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,浙江杭州310024

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第2期276-287,共12页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：浙江中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(ZJZY2012C003)

摘　　要：由于国内外均没有烟草制品的重金属限量标准,为通过控制原料采购和叶组配方生产重金属低风险卷烟,须定量地表征各地区烟叶重金属水平。采用ICP-MS方法检测了全国12个省市114个县级产区的1 200个烟叶样品中Cr、Ni、As、Cd、Se、Hg和Pb共7种重金属含量,采用指数和法综合评价模型构建了4种烟叶重金属综合评价指标,通过统计学比较选择了一种最具区域特异性的综合评价指标,并绘制ArcGIS地统计学分布图,分析了其空间分布产生的原因。结果表明:(1)总体上4种综合评价指标具有极显著一致性,而由极差变换-层次分析法确定的综合评价指标(T_(dc))由于其自身特点表现出最优的特异性。(2)T_(dc)-ArcGIS地统计学分析显示烟叶重金属综合水平为东部的山东、安徽、江西、福建(南平松溪除外)普遍较低,中部和南部的重庆、贵州、湖南、广西、云南普遍较高,其中湖南和云南两省尤为突出。(3)烟叶重金属水平地域性差异较大,且与中国金属矿区分布比较吻合,采矿等工农业重金属污染可能是造成烟叶重金属综合水平较高的一个重要的因素。(4)12省市地统计学分布图和Tdc数据可以作为卷烟工业企业原料采购和叶组配方的定性和定量判断依据。Due to the limited standard of heavy metal on tobacco was not released, both at home and abroad, for producing heavy metal-low risk cigarettes through controlling the raw material procurement and leaf group formula, the heavy metal level in tobacco leaf should be quantitatively characterized among regions. The heavy metal content of Cr, Ni, As, Cd, Se, Hg, and Pb in 1 200 samples of tobacco leaves from 114 counties of 12 provinces was determined by the method of ICP-MS. Based on comprehensive evaluation model of index sum, four comprehensive evaluation indexes （CEIs） was determined, and their regiospecificity was compared by statistical parameters. A map of ArcGIS geostatistic distribution was drew, and the reason to its spatial distribution was analyzed. Results indicated that：（1） The four CEIs were generally notably consistent, but the CEI, composed by range transformation method and analytic hierarchy process （Tdc）, presented optimal specificity because of itself characteristics. （2） The Tdc-ArcGIS geostatistic analysis indicated that some eastern provinces[the provinces of Shandong, Anhui, Jiangxi and Fujian（except Songxi Nanping）] showed a relatively low comprehensive level of heavy metal in tobacco leaf （CLHMT）, but some central and south provinces （the provinces of Chongqing, Guizhou, Hunan, Guangxi and Yunnan） were relatively high, especially Hunan and Yunnan provinces. （3） The CLHMT had a big regional difference, and its distribution was consistent with our country＇s metal mine, mining and other industrial and agricultural pollution of heavy metal may be an important factor to lead to a higher CLHMT. （4） The map of geostatistic distribution and the Tdc data can be used as qualitative and quantitative judgment formula for cigarette industrial enterprise in raw materials procurement and leaf group formula.

关 键 词：烟叶 重金属 层次分析法 熵值法 Spearman等级相关系数 ARCGIS 

分 类 号：TS411[农业科学—烟草工业] X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学]