孕前超重/肥胖孕妇膳食模式建立及其相关分析  

Prepregnancy overweight/obese pregnant women dietary patterns and related analysis

作　　者：刘德振[1] 赵效国[1] 王琰 顾亚静[3] 李莉[3] LIU Dezhen ZHAO Xiaoguo WANG Yan GU Yajing LI Li(Xinjiang Medical University, Ururnqi 830011, China Ururnqi first people＇s Hospital, Ururnqi 830000, China The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ururnqi 830054, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]乌鲁木齐市第一人民医院,乌鲁木齐830000 [3]新疆医科大学第一附属医院,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《新疆医科大学学报》2017年第6期823-827,共5页Journal of Xinjiang Medical University

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑计划(201433108)

摘　　要：目的分析乌鲁木齐市孕前超重/肥胖孕妇膳食模式及其对孕妇妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发生的影响。方法选择2015年9月-2016年6月在乌鲁木齐市3家医疗卫生机构就诊且符合入选标准的260例孕前超重/肥胖孕妇为研究对象,采用调查问卷方式收集该类人群的社会人口学资料和食物摄入情况。通过因子分析提取出膳食模式,通过Logistic回归分析膳食模式对孕妇孕期GDM发生的影响。结果 260名研究对象提取出5种膳食模式:高蛋白膳食模式(27.7%)、高膳食纤维膳食模式(18.5%)、高油脂膳食模式(14.6%)、高水分膳食模式(17.7%)、传统膳食模式(21.5%)。不同年龄段、文化程度、职业、家庭人均月收入和孕前体型的孕妇其膳食模式结构差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为31.452、75.778、39.846、41.669和32.735,P<0.001)。结论孕前超重/肥胖孕妇的膳食模式多受妊娠年龄、文化程度等的影响,而不同膳食模式对女性孕期GDM的发生有明显影响,应指导孕前超重/肥胖女性选择合理、健康的膳食模式。Objective To analyze the dietary pattern of pregnant women with overweight/obesity during pregnancy and its effect on the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） in pregnant women in Urumqi. Methods From September 2015 to June 2016 in Urumqi, 3 medical institutions and 260 patients with pre pregnancy overweight/obese pregnant women were selected following the standard intake as the research object; the population demographic data and food were collected using questionnaire. The dietary patterns were extracted by factor analysis and Logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of dietary patterns on GDM in pregnant women. Results 5 kinds of dietary patterns were extracted from the 260 subjects, they were high protein dietary pattern （27.7%）, high dietary fiber dietary pattern （18.5%）, the high fat dietary pattern （14.6%）, high moisture content （17.7%）, the traditional dietary pattern of dietary patterns （21.5%）, respectively, there were statistically significant difference in terms of the different age, educational level, occupation, family income per month and pre pregnancy body of pregnant women on their dietary patterns structural （x2 =31.452, 75.778, 39.846, 41.669 and 32.735, P 〈0.001）. Conclusion Effects of gestational age and educational level on the dietary pattern of overweight/obese pregnant women before pregnancy, and different dietary patterns of women during pregnancy GDM have obvious effects~ pregnant women should be guided in the case of the choice of reasonable, healthy dietary pattern.

关 键 词：孕妇 膳食模式 因子分析 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]