厦门市公共场所水系统军团菌监测分析  

Surveillance and analysis on Legionella spp.in water systems of public buildings in Xiamen

作　　者：叶秀恋[1,2] 陈泽辉[3] 陈剑锋[3] 黄小金[3] 尹平[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,湖北武汉430030 [2]厦门市食品药品质量检验研究院,福建厦门361013 [3]厦门市疾病预防控制中心,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2017年第7期1013-1015,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的了解厦门市公共场所水系统中军团菌的污染状况,为军团菌病的预防和控制提供依据。方法参照《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》,2009年-2015年逐步采集公共场所二次供水系统的水塔水及集中空调系统的冷却水和冷凝水,检测军团菌及其血清型。结果 2009年冷却水、水塔水军团菌的检出率分别为41.5%(17/41)、17.6%(6/34),两者差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.96,P<0.05)。2012年冷却水军团菌检出率为50.0%(11/22)。2014年冷却水、冷凝水军团菌的检出率分别为22.7%(5/22)、13.0%(3/23),差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.21,P>0.05)。2010年、2011年、2013年、2015年均未检出军团菌。分离出的菌株以Lp1型(57.4%)嗜肺军团菌为主,其次为Lp5(17.0%)和Lp7(12.8%)。结论应加强监督监测,定期清洗消毒,降低公共场所水系统滋生军团菌的风险。Objective To investigate the pollution situation of Legionella in water systems of public buildings in Xiamen,so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of Legionnaires＇ disease.Methods According to Hygienic Specification of Central Air Conditioning Ventilation System in Public Buildings,samples from cooling tower water and condensate water of central air-conditioning systems,and samples from water tanks of secondary water supply systems in public buildings were collected for detecting Legionella spp.and the serogroups from 2009 to 2015.Results In 2009,the positive rates of Legionella spp.in cooling tower water and secondary supply water were 41.5%（17/41） and 17.6%（6/34）,and the differences had statistical significance（χ^2= 4.96,P〈0.05）.In 2012,the positive rate of Legionella spp.in cooling tower water was 50.0%（11/22）.In 2014,the positive rates of Legionella spp.in cooling tower water and condensate water were 22.7%（5/22） and 13.0%（3/23）,and the difference had no statistical significance（χ^2= 0.21,P〉0.05）.No Legionella spp.was found in 2010,2011,2013 and 2015.The main serogroup of the Legionella strains was Lp1（57.4%）,followed by Lp5（17.0%） and Lp7（12.8%）.Conclusion It is important to strengthen supervision and inspection,carry out cleaning and sanitizing regularly,so as to reduce the risk of Legionella contamination in water systems of public buildings.

关 键 词：军团菌 公共场所 冷却水 冷凝水 二次供水 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]