不同情绪状态下心理距离对大学生道德判断的影响  

Effects of Psychological Distance and Emotional States on Moral Judgment in College Students

作　　者：闫春平[1] 申鲁军[1] 杨世昌[2] 吕欣[1] 张亚茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院心理学系,新乡453003 [2]新乡医学院第二附属医院,新乡453002

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2017年第2期251-254,250,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：河南省教育厅人文社会科学研究重点项目(2014-ZD-101)

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同情绪状态、时间距离和社会距离对大学生道德判断的影响。方法:随机选取87名大学生被试,分成高兴、悲伤、愤怒和平静情绪组,让被试分别观看不同视频诱发相应情绪,然后回答有关道德判断的问题,这些问题分别涉及不同的时间距离(一年前、现在和一年后)和社会距离(自己和旁观者)。结果:有关医生困境道德判断的研究结果显示,情绪类型、时间距离和社会距离三者的交互作用显著。简单效应分析表明,悲伤的情绪状态下,被试从自己的角度分析问题时的道德决策水平在三个时间点均高于从旁观者的角度分析问题时的道德决策水平;被试以旁观者的角度分析道德问题时,平静状态的道德决策分数在三个时间点均高于悲伤状态下的道德决策分数;且一年前时间点上,平静状态的道德决策分数高于快乐状态下的道德决策分数,而愤怒状态的道德决策分数高于悲伤状态下的道德决策分数。对其它道德决策分数统计分析表明,情绪状态和社会距离之间及社会距离和时间距离之间的交互作用均显著,简单效应分析表明,在愤怒和平静的情绪状态下,被试从自己的角度分析道德两难问题时的道德决策水平低于从旁观者的角度去分析问题时的道德决策水平;被试从自己角度分析问题时,其一年后的道德决策水平高于一年前的道德决策水平。结论:情绪状态、社会距离和时间距离共同对个体的道德决策产生影响。Objective： To explore the effects of emotional state, temporal distance and social distance on the moral judg- ment in college students. Methods： 87 college students participants, were divided into happy, sadness, anger and calm emotion groups for emotion induction by watching video, and then answer some questions about the moral judgment involv- ing different temporal distances（a year ago, now or one year later） and social distances（their own vs bystander）. Results： At doctor＇s dilemma situation, it showed a significant interactive effect between emotional state, temporal distance and social distance on the moral judgment. Simple effect analysis showed that, moral judgment score from their own angle was signifi- cantly higher than that from a standpoint of a bystander in the sadness state at three time points; Only from a standpoint of a bystander, the moral judgment score in calm was significantly higher than that in sadness at three time points; When a year ago, moral judgment score in calm was significantly higher than that in happy, and score in anger was significantly higher than that in sadness. For other situations concerning moral judgment, it showed significant interactive effects between emo- tional state and social distance, and between social distance and temporal distance, simple effect analysis showed that, tmoral judgment score from their own angle was significantly lower than that from a standpoint of a bystander in anger and calm state; Only from their own angle, moral judgment score one year later was significantly higher than that a year ago, Conclusion： Emotional state, temporal distance and social distance interacts to influence moral judgments.

关 键 词：道德判断 情绪状态 时间距离 社会距离 

分 类 号：R395.1[哲学宗教—心理学]