铁路隧道施工的主要职业病危害因素识别  

Identification of Main Occupational Hazards in Railway Tunnel Construction

作　　者：马世伟[1] 陈轶岚[2] 江助林 刘佳斌[1] 黄慧隆[1] 田源[1] 邱永祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院节能环保劳卫研究所,北京100081 [2]国家安全生产监督管理总局职业安全卫生研究中心,北京100713 [3]南昌铁路局劳动和卫生处,江西南昌330002

出　　处：《铁路节能环保与安全卫生》2017年第2期107-110,共4页Railway Energy Saving & Environmental Protection & Occupational Safety and Health

基　　金：中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划项目<铁路卫生保障技术研究--铁路建设项目职业病危害评价模式与规范研究>(编号:2015Z006-B)

摘　　要：目的识别铁路隧道施工工艺涉及的职业病危害因素,分析影响其浓度或强度的因素。方法铁路隧道施工现场职业卫生学调查及工作场所职业病危害因素检测。结果铁路隧道职业病危害因素粉尘、噪声、CO和NO_2浓度或强度易超过国家职业卫生标准限值的要求。结论铁路隧道粉尘浓度受隧道通风、隧道掌子面进深、隧道围岩等级、施工机械与方法等多种因素影响,目前隧道职业病危害控制应严格把控个体防护和职业健康体检关键点,并进一步开展适用于隧道除尘和降噪技术科学研究。Objective Identification of occupational hazards in railway tunnel construction technology,analyze factors that affect their concentration or intensity. Methods Occupational hygiene survey and inspection of occupational hazards in workplace. Result The concentration or intensity of occupational hazards in railway tunnels easily exceeds the national occupational health standard limits,such as dust noise CO and NO_2. Conclusion Tunnel dust concentration is affected by many factors,such as tunnel ventilation,tunnel depth,surrounding rock grade,construction machinery and construction method. Tunnel occupational hazards control should be strictly to control individual protection and occupational health examination.

关 键 词：铁路 隧道施工 职业病危害因素 

分 类 号：R136[医药卫生—劳动卫生]