宝石显微镜教学现状分析与对策——以武汉工程科技学院课程设计为例  

Analysis and Strategy of Current Situation of Gem Microscope Teaching

作　　者：张娟 ZHANG Juan(Wuhan University of Engineering Science,Wuhan 430200, Chin)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程科技学院,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《宝石和宝石学杂志》2016年第A01期109-113,共5页Journal of Gems & Gemmology

摘　　要：宝石显微镜是宝玉石鉴定、检测和研究必不可少的工具之一,其主要作用是通过显微放大观察宝石 表面、内部特征及特殊光学特征,从而有效的鉴别宝玉石品种,区分天然宝石与人工宝石,天然宝石与优化处 理宝石,天然宝石与仿制品,对宝石的切工质量进行评价,并对某些宝石品种的典型产地特征进行判定,在放 大10倍条件下还可以对钻石进行4C 分级.在宝石鉴定过程中,针对某些宝石具有决定性的鉴定意义.宝 石显微镜教学重点在于培养学生根据不同的宝石肉眼观察特征,选择合适的照明方式,观察宝石表面特征、内 部特征及特殊光学特征.难点在于有效观察宝石的内含物,并做出相应规范的描述.由于宝石内含物丰富多 变,实践教学过程中教师很难对每一个学生进行一对一的指导,从而导致学生无法有效掌握内含物的观察与 描述,进一步地导致课堂效率的下降.此外,某些院校由于实验室建设与维护方面的经费投入不够,导致显微 镜过于陈旧,宝石夹松动、光源系统老化等问题,严重地影响该课程的实践教学质量.另一方面,某些院校并 未针对宝石显微镜课程挑选特定的适用标本,也从一定程度上降低了实践教学质量.本文旨在分析目前教学 现状,提出相应对策：改良教学方式,适当增加教学学时,采用理论与实践相穿插的形式进行,先集中讲授宝石 显微镜的操作方法和照明方式,然后在实践过程中可以将学生遇到的一系列问题汇总,结合宝石显微镜的用 途与注意事项进行详细讲解,同时规范宝石内含物的描述,最后待学生按要求实践完毕后,统一讲解典型内含 物特征;建设显微视频教学系统,通过该系统现场演示某些典型内含物特征,并且对典型内含物进行拍照存 档,同时应加强实验室建设,完善电脑、摄像头等配套硬件设施,对显微镜进行定期的维护与保养,以提高�Gem microscope is one of necessary tools for gem identification, testing and re-search ,which is mainly used to magnify external and internal characteristics as well as special optical effects in gems. Thus, it can be used to effectively identify the variety of gems, differentiate natural gems from artificial ones, enhancement and treatment gems and imita-tions. Furthermore, it is meaningful to judge the locality based on some typical gemmologi- cal characteristics and 4C grade diamonds. The teaching of gem microscope focuses on train-ing students to choose the appropriate mode of light in order to observe the surface character-istics of gems, internal and external features, and special optical characteristics according to the different microscopical characteristics. The difficulties are the effective observation of in-clusions, and normative description correspondingly. The inclusions are various and com-plex. It is difficult for teachers to guide students one by one during the whole teaching process, which will reduce class efficiency. As a consequence, students cannot effectively grasp the observation and description of inclusions. In addition, with the insufficiency of budgets and funds for laboratory establishment and maintenance, obsolete microscopes, loose gem tweezers and aged light systems reduced the quality of practical teaching. This pa-per aimed to analyze the current situation of the teaching and put forwards the corresponding strategies as below. There is optimizing teaching method, adding lesson periods appropriate-ly and combining theory with practice. The first step is to teach students operation ways of gem microscopes and different lighting systems intensively, concluding main problems that students usually met with in their practice, as well as connecting microscope usage with ap-plication notice. At the same time, it？s necessary to specify the description of gem inclusions and highlight typical inclusions after practical class. Building microscope video-teaching sys-tem is helpful to prese

关 键 词：宝石显微镜 教学现状 对策 

分 类 号：TS93[轻工技术与工程]