考虑煤油蒸汽冷凝与蒸发的超声珩磨区空化特性研究  

Characteristic Research on Ultrasonic Honing Cavitation Bubbles Considering the Evaporation and Condensation of Kerosene Vapor

作　　者：王潞杰 祝锡晶[1] 王建青[1] WANG Lu-jie ZHU Xi-jing WANG Jian-qing(School of Mechanics and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学机械与动力工程学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《中北大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第2期150-154,172,共6页Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51275490);山西省自然科学基金资助项目(201601D011061)

摘　　要：超声振动珩磨加工中会产生空化现象,空化泡溃灭产生的微射流与高压会对工件表面产生影响,为了使空化效应合理地应用于实际生产,必须建立更贴近实际环境的空化泡模型,故考虑珩磨因素与煤油蒸汽的蒸发与冷凝建立了磨削区空化泡的动力学模型,对其数值求解,同时进行了超声珩磨谐振系统的试验研究.结果表明:考虑煤油蒸汽的蒸发与冷凝可以更好地解释空化泡各参量的变化,对空化泡溃灭时的温度和压力影响较大,溃灭温度和溃灭压力的最大值分别为10~9 Pa和10~3 K;空化泡初始半径越大,膨胀所能达到的最大幅值越小,溃灭时间越短;同时由于受到珩磨压力和珩磨速度的作用,超声振动珩磨下的空化泡运动幅值比传统环境下的小1/3,但动态变化快于后者;试验后铝箔出现大量凹坑,说明空化效应对工件加工起着一定的作用.There is cavitation in the ultrasonic vibration honing processing. The micro jet and high pres- sure generated by bubble collapse have an effect on the workpiece surface. In order to apply cavitation theory to production under power ultrasonic honing reasonably, the model of cavitation bubble close to the actual environment must be established. So dynamic model of cavitation bubble was put forward un- der consideration of ultrasonic honing factors and evaporation and condensation of kerosene vapor. The equation was simulated and a cavitation test of the ultrasonic honing vibration system was made. The re- sults show that： the variation of state parameters of cavitation bubbles is better to explain by considering the evaporation and condensation of kerosene vapor, and the maximum temperature and pressure of cavi- tation bubble collapse reaching 109 K and 103 Pa are affected particularly, thus it can not be neglected; With the initial radius of cavitation bubbles increasing, the maximum expansion amplitude and collapse time are decreasing; Besides undering the effect of ultrasonic vibration honing, the cavitation bubble mo- tion is inhibited about one third smaller compared with traditional ultrasound, and the vibration frequen- cy is faster than the latter; after the test, the aluminum foil appears a number of pits, which shows the cavitation effect plays a certain role in the machining of the artifact.

关 键 词：超声珩磨 空化泡 煤油蒸汽 蒸发 冷凝 

分 类 号：TG580.67[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] O427.4[理学—声学]