基于叶绿体基因组的浮萍亚科系统进化  

Systematic evolution of Lemnoideae determined based on chloroplast genome analysis

作　　者：丁彦强 方扬[1,3] 靳艳玲[1,3] 赵海[1] 何开泽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院环境与应用微生物重点实验室,成都610041

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2017年第2期215-219,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD15B01);科技部国际合作计划项目(2014DFA30680);四川省科技支撑计划项目(2016SZ0070);中国科学院专项研究基金计划项目(KLEAMCAS201501);中国科学院开放研究基金计划项目(KLCAS-2014-02)~~

摘　　要：由于浮萍形态高度退化,其系统进化研究较为困难,基于叶绿体基因组研究浮萍亚科系统进化对解决该问题具有重要意义.通过过滤全DNA数据(即包含细胞内的核DNA、叶绿体DNA和线粒体DNA的测序数据)和直接提取叶绿体DNA测序两种方法组装叶绿体基因组,然后分别基于rbc L基因和叶绿体全基因组序列构建浮萍亚科系统发育树,并比较浮萍叶绿体基因组大小.经比对发现,通过两种方法得到的Landoltia punctata ZH0051叶绿体基因组完全一致,全长均为171 013 bp,序列相似度100%.基于叶绿体全基因组序列构建浮萍亚科系统发育树的节点置信值都达到了1,确认了浮萍亚科的进化次序为多根紫萍属、少根紫萍属、绿萍属、扁平无根萍属、芜萍属.浮萍亚科中叶绿体基因组最大的为少根紫萍属(171 kb),最小的为绿萍属(166 kb).本研究表明过滤全DNA数据组装出的浮萍叶绿体基因组是可靠的;浮萍叶绿体基因组大小虽有所差异,但随进化没有明确的扩张或收缩的趋势.Because of the highly morphological degeneration of Lemnoideae, systematic study on their evolution is difficult. Chloroplast genome is significant for the evolution explanation of Lemnoideae. In this study, chloroplast genomes were assembled using two methods： filtering the total DNA data （nuclear DNA, chloroplast DNA, and mitochondrial DNA） and direct chloroplast DNA extraction and sequencing. The phylogenetic trees were separately constructed based on the complete chloroplast genome sequences and the rbcL gene. The Lemnoideae chloroplast genomes sizes were compared. The results showed that the chloroplast genomes of Landoltia punctata ZH0051 obtained using the two methods were identical with a total length of 171 013 bp and sequence similarity of 100%. A credible phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the complete chloroplast genome sequences, which confirmed the evolutionary order of this subfamily as follows： Spirodela, Landoltia, Lemna, Wolffiella, and Wolffia. The chloroplast genomes sizes were different （the largest, Landoltia （171 kb） and the smallest, Lemna （166 kb））. The results suggested that assembling duckweed chloroplast genome by filtering the total DNA data is a reliable method. The chloroplast genomes sizes showed no obvious trend of expansion or contraction.

关 键 词：浮萍 少根紫萍 叶绿体基因组 组装 进化 

分 类 号：Q949.717.3[生物学—植物学]