不同降解菌对甲基毒死蜱及3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶酚的降解能力比较  

Biodegradation of Chlorpyrifos-methyl and Its Hydrolysis Product 3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol by Different Degrading Bacteria

作　　者：李晓楼[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川职业技术学院建筑与环境工程系,四川遂宁629000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2017年第5期84-89,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省教育厅重点项目(13ZA0036)

摘　　要：为掌握微生物降解甲基毒死蜱的特性与机制,首先从土壤中分离不同的甲基毒死蜱降解菌,然后对其降解效率、降解过程中中间产物3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶酚(TCP)的质量浓度变化、对TCP与其他6种有机磷农药的降解能力以及磷酸酯酶活性进行了测试分析。结果表明,分离到2株能高效降解甲基毒死蜱的菌株,经鉴定命名为地衣芽孢杆菌ZL-7与荧光假单胞菌ZHLXL-2,其降解甲基毒死蜱的5 d降解率分别为90.6%和99.4%;在菌株ZL-7降解甲基毒死蜱的过程中检出了TCP,而在菌株ZHLXL-2的降解过程中未检出。菌株ZHLXL-2能降解TCP,48 h降解率可达91.0%,而菌株ZL-7不能降解TCP。两菌株都能降解6种供试的有机磷农药,但菌株ZL-7降解率更高,其10 d降解率在92.1%~99.8%,菌株ZHLXL-2的10 d降解率为89.2%~93.4%;同时菌株ZL-7的磷酸酯酶活性显著高于菌株ZHLXL-2。分析表明,这2种菌株的磷酸酯酶活性与其降解有机磷农药的能力呈正相关性,而菌株ZHLXL-2因可有效降解中间物TCP,从而能更快地降解甲基毒死蜱。To understand the degradation characteristics and mechanism of chlorpyrifos-methyl by microorganisms,First,different chlorpyrifos-methyl degrading bacteria were isolated from soil,and then,their degradation characteristics were tested and analyzed,including degradation efficiency on chlorpyrifosmethyl,variation of intermediate( 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol,TCP) concentration in the degradation process,phosphatase activity,degradation ability on TCP and 6 organophosphorus pesticides. Two chlorpyrifos-methyl degrading bacteria were isolated,which were identified as Bacillus licheniformis ZL-7 and Pseudomonas fluorescens ZHLXL-2,and their degradation rates on chlorpyrifos-methyl were 90. 6% and99. 4% respectively in five days. TCP was found in the degradation process of chlorpyrifos-methyl by the strain ZL-7,but not by the strain ZHLXL-2. The strain ZHLXL-2 could degrade TCP,and the degradation rate reached 91. 0% at 48 h,while the strain ZL-7 could not degrade TCP. Both strains could degrade6 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides. The 10 d degradation rate of 6 organophosphorus pesticides by the strain ZL-7 was 92. 1% —99. 8%,higher than the degradation rate by the strain ZHLXL-2( 89. 2% —93. 4%). In addition,the phosphatase activity of strain ZL-7 was significantly higher than that of strain ZHLXL-2. These results showed that the phosphatase activity of the two strains was positively correlatedwith their ability to degrade organophosphorus pesticides. The strain ZHLXL-2 could degrade chlorpyrifosmethyl more quickly because of its ability to degrade TCP effectively.

关 键 词：地衣芽孢杆菌 荧光假单胞菌 有机磷农药 甲基毒死蜱 3 5 6-三氯-2-吡啶酚 降解 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]