桃采后褐腐病生防酵母菌的筛选及鉴定  

Screening and Identification of Yeast Strains to Control Brown Rot of Postharvest Peaches

作　　者：王晨[1,2] 卢彩鸽[2] 刘德文[2] 刘伟成[2] 刘娅[1] 张殿朋[2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学食品学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2017年第5期90-94,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(6154026);北京市科委科技计划课题(Z141100002614006)

摘　　要：为筛选对由美澳型核果褐腐病菌(Monilinia fructicola)引起的桃褐腐病具有抑制作用的酵母菌株,采用平板对峙的试验方法,从新疆北部12个地区分离的102株酵母菌中筛选出7株对桃褐腐病菌具有显著抑制作用的酵母菌株,其中菌株EEQS-7D拮抗活性最强,该菌株对桃褐腐病菌的抑菌率达78.90%。人为打孔接种活体试验结果表明,该菌株可显著降低桃褐腐病发病程度,抑制率达51.83%。生防相关性状检测结果显示,该菌株能够产生蛋白酶,透明圈直径达到34.5 mm,说明EEQS-7D主要通过分泌蛋白酶达到抑制桃褐腐病的效果。通过对菌株EEQS-7D的形态特征观察、生理生化测试以及26S r DNA序列分析,鉴定该菌株为出芽短梗霉(Aureobasidium pullulans)。In order to choose yeast strains with strong antagonistic activity against Monilinia fructicola,which causes peach brown rot,7 yeast strains were selected by the dural culture method from 102 yeast strains collected from 12 sampling sites in northern Xinjiang. In particular,the strain EEQS-7D was the best among these 7 strains,which reduced the growth of M. fructicola by 78. 90%. The result of in vivo test illustrated that this strain could significantly reduce the incidence of brown rot on peaches by 51. 83%.The strain was capable of producing protease,and the transparent circle diameter reached 34. 5 mm,which indicated that EEQS-7D could inhibit peach brown rot disease mainly by secreting protease. The strain EEQS-7D was identified as Aureobasidium pullulans based on its morphological observation,physiological and biochemical determination and 26 S r DNA sequence analysis.

关 键 词：桃褐腐病 生物防治 酵母菌 筛选 鉴定 出芽短梗霉 

分 类 号：S436.621.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476[农业科学—植物保护]