海南岛东北部海滩侵蚀与恢复对连续台风的复杂响应  

Complicated responses of beach erosion and restoration to consecutive typhoons along northeastern Hainan Island,China

作　　者：龚昊[1] 陈沈良[1] 钟小菁[1] 陈晴[1] 胡进[1] 程武风 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《海洋学报》2017年第5期68-77,共10页

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201405037)

摘　　要：在连续台风作用下海滩的侵蚀与恢复是一个复杂的过程。基于海南岛东北部木兰-抱虎湾海滩的现场调查,对比分析台风"威马逊"和"海鸥"登陆前后海滩剖面和后滨沉积物的动态响应。结果表明,超强台风"威马逊"引起海滩的严重侵蚀和强烈的泥沙输移,在木兰湾海滩主要表现出由北向南沿岸海滩的差异性变化,在抱虎湾各海滩变化较为相近;后继登陆台风"海鸥"引起海滩显著堆积,对海滩主要起恢复作用,木兰湾海滩恢复效果明显,海滩后滨沉积物趋于恢复至台风前的状态,由于抱虎湾水下珊瑚礁及近岸岩礁地貌减缓了台风对该处海滩的侵蚀和堆积作用,抱虎湾海滩表现出与台风前较大差异性。两处海湾海滩的不同走向及台风的风向变化也是造成海滩不同响应的重要原因。研究将有助于更好地理解海滩对连续台风作用的复杂响应。Beach landforms show a complicated erosion and recovery process under impacts of consecutive typhoons. In order to study the erosion and accretion response of beaches to two typhoons, representative beach profiles in the Mulan-Baohu Bay, northeastern Hainan Island, were observed and measured before and after two consecutive ty- phoons, Rammasun and Kalmaegi in 2014. In addition, surficial sediments in each transect backshore were collect- ed to study their depositional environment change. The results show that the former super typhoon Rammasun led to severe beach erosion and sediment transport, which mainly revealed longshore change differences in the Mulan Bay and cross-shore change similarities in the Baohu Bay. And the latter typhoon Kalmaegi caused beach accretion and recovery, which was more obvious in Mulan Bay than in Baohu Bay. After Kalmaegi, the backshore sediments in the Mulan Bay trended to recover to the state before two typhoons and in Baohu Bay showed a greater difference before typhoons. The underwater coral reefs in Baohu Bay restrained beach erosion and accretion from typhoons. Different combinations of typhoon wind directions vs. beach orientations can also cause different beach response to consecutive typhoons. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the complicated responses of different beaches to consecutive typhoons.

关 键 词：台风 海滩剖面 海滩侵蚀 海滩恢复 海南岛 

分 类 号：P737.2[天文地球—海洋地质]