桑葚主干低阶共振频率试验及振动采摘装置设计  

The Test Device Design and Vibration of Main Low Order Resonance Frequency of Picking Mulberry

作　　者：丁红星[1] 李敏通[1] 薛忠民[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农机化研究》2017年第8期159-164,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：农业科技创新与攻关项目(2015NY050)

摘　　要：随着桑葚产业的多元化发展,桑葚的种植面积逐年增加,仅依靠人工实现桑葚采收难以满足生产需求,因而机械化采摘成为桑葚采摘的发展方向。振动采收桑葚是机械化采收的有效方法[1],研究桑葚振动脱落特性及设计相关振动采收设备对桑葚产业的健康发展具有重要价值。为此,通过桑葚主干低阶共振频率试验,获取了桑葚主干的低阶共振频率;完成便携式桑葚振动采摘装置的设计和试制,并进行验证试验。结果表明:当采收的桑葚二级主干直径为40~50mm范围、激振频率大于6.11Hz时,虽然能实现较高的桑果收获率,却造成未成熟桑果脱落;当激振频率大于8Hz时,造成桑葚植株树皮外表面破裂;激振频率较小时,则获得较低的桑果收获率。因此,建议当振动采摘的二级主干直径在40~50mm范围内时,桑果振动采收的最适宜激振频率范围为5~6 Hz,即电机实时转速为9 0 0~1 1 0 0 r/min。With the diversified development of mulberry industry, mulberry planting area has increased year by year, on- ly rely on the artificial mulberry harvesting is difficult to meet the production demand today, so the mechanization of mul- berry picking is the direction of development of mulberry picking. Vibration harvesting mulberry is mechanized harvesting effective method[1], the mulberry of vibration shedding characteristics and design of vibration harvesting equipment, of mulberry industry healthy development has important value. Through the mulberry trunk is low order resonance frequency test, access to the low order resonance frequencies of the mulberry trunk; portable mulberry vibration picking device de- sign and manufacture, and outdoor experiments. The results show that when the harvest of mulberry secondary trunk di- ameter to 40-50 mm range, excitation frequency is greater than 6.11Hz, although can achieve higher mulberry fruit har- vest rate, but caused abscission of immature mulberry. When the excitation frequency is greater than 8 Hz, resulting in rupture of mulberry tree plant on the outer surface; the excitation frequency is small, lower the mulberry fruit harvest rate, it is recommended when picking vibration secondary trunk diameter in the range of 40-50 mm, picking mulberry vibration optimum excitation frequency range for the 5-6Hz （i. e. , the motor speed is 900-1 100r/min）.

关 键 词：桑葚 共振频率 振动采收装置 

分 类 号：S225.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程]