孟子民本主义政治伦理思想的革命因子  

The Revolutionary Factors of Mencius's Political Ethics Thought in People-oriented Doctrines

作　　者：吴灿新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中共广东省委党校

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2017年第3期82-88,共7页The Central Plains Culture Research

摘　　要：孟子是自夏商周至战国中期民本主义政治伦理思想的集大成者,其民本主义政治伦理思想具有丰富的革命因子。孟子的思想理论源流主要来自《尚书》中的民本意识和周公旦初步自觉的民本主义政治伦理思想,以及战国中期之前诸多思想家的贡献。孟子继承和发扬了前人的思想理论,并以其民本主义政治伦理思想中丰富的革命因子而超越前人,这些革命因子主要有:"民贵君轻"说、"王道仁政"思想、"制民以恒产"主张和"汤武革命"论。孟子在中国古代历史上是民本主义政治伦理思想的承上启下者,他既是先秦时期民本主义政治伦理思想的集大成者,也是民本主义政治伦理思想中革命思想的集大成者。孟子重视民众在社会生活中的重要地位和作用,主张要以人民的福祉作为执政的出发点,具有深刻的人民性和进步性。其思想中的革命因子虽具有一定的局限性,但对于我们今天的建设与发展仍具有重要意义。Mencius is the synthesizer of the political ethics thought in the people-oriented doctrines from the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the middle Warring States period. The people-oriented doctrines＇s political ethics thought has rich revolutionary factors.The origin of Mencius＇s theory of thought mainly comes from the consciousness of the democracy in the Book of Shang and the ideological and political ethics thought of Duke Zhou＇ s initial self-consciousness, as well as the contributions of many thinkers before the mid-term Warring States period. Mencius inherited and carried forward the theory of thought of predecessors, and the people-oriented doctrines＇ political ethics of the rich revolutionary factors and passed beyond the predecessors, these revolutionary factors mainly include： ＂the people are more important than the ruler＂, ＂benevolent benevolence＂ thought, ＂for people with property claim＂ and ＂Tang Wu Revolution＂ theory. Mencius is the connecting person of the people-oriented doctrines＇ political ethics nexus in Chinese ancient history, he is the synthesizer of the pre-Qin period humanist political ethics thought, he is also the synthesizer of the people-oriented doctrines＇political ethics thought of a revolution. Mencius attached importance to the important position and function of the people in the social life, and advocated that the people＇s welfare should be taken as the starting point of the ruling with a profound sense of people and progress.Although it has some limitations, it still has important significance for the construction and development of our country today.

关 键 词：《尚书》 孟子 民本主义 政治伦理 革命因子 

分 类 号：B222.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]