修辞和逻辑  

Rhetoric and Logic

作　　者：汉斯·V.汉森 郭桥(译)[2] 刘潺潺(译)[2] 

机构地区：[1]温莎大学推理,论证与修辞研究中心 [2]河南大学哲学与公共管理学院,河南开封475006

出　　处：《洛阳师范学院学报》2017年第3期9-12,共4页Journal of Luoyang Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(13BZX067)

摘　　要：狭义的逻辑主要涉及推论关系,宽泛意义上的逻辑包括关于好推理的原则的研究及其陈述。狭义修辞涉及说服性谈话,尤其是论证。宽泛意义上的修辞是"使事情重要"的艺术。从柏拉图关于辩证法的话语中所抽取出的很多原则,属于宽泛意义上的逻辑。在亚里士多德那里,存在着宽泛意义上的以及狭义上的逻辑和修辞。佩雷尔曼致力于发展一种新修辞学,该修辞学适用于哲学以及公共话语。无论逻辑学家还是修辞学家,均不能逃脱自己论述的逻辑或者伦理责任。逻辑、修辞和辩证法构成了论证的三个不同视野。汀戴尔主张在论证的三大构成中,修辞是最为根本的。Logic in the narrow sense is mainly concerned with the consequence relation. In a wider sense, logic includes the study and statement of the principles of good reasoning. In the narrow sense, rhetoric deals with the study of persuasive discourse, especially argumentation. In a wider sense, rhetoric is the art of making things matter, especially through the effects of language. In Plato we cannot identify any logic apart from what he calls dialectic, but many of the principles that can be extracted from what he says about dialectic also belong to logic in the wide sense. In Aristotle, there is logic in the wide sense, logic in the narrow sense, rhetoric in the narrow sense, and rhetoric in the wide sense. Perelman worked to develop a new rhetoric that would serve for philosophy as well as public discourse. Neither the logician nor the rhetorician can escape logical or ethical responsibility for their discourses. Logic, rhetoric and dialectic are three distinct perspectives on argumentation. Tindale maintains that rhetoric is the basic or most fundamental of the three components.

关 键 词：逻辑 辩证法 修辞学 非形式逻辑 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]