HFACS中不安全监管因素与事故致因24 Model中不安全动作因素的对比分析  

Comparative analysis between unsafe supervision in HFACS and the unsafe behavior in 24 Model

作　　者：张琥[1,2] 傅贵[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)资源与安全工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2017年第2期582-586,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51534008)

摘　　要：为了使HFACS这种事故分析方法能够在我国各种类型事故中得到应用,研究了HFACS的不安全监管因素中各指标的定义和分类,并将其与事故致因24 Model中的不安全动作因素进行对比,得出两者的对应关系和各自特点。结果表明:HFACS中多数不安全监管因素属于24 Model中的不安全动作,这些不安全动作的发出者都是监管者;24 Model中不安全动作的发出者既可以是事故的直接引发者,也可以是监管者。从监管的范畴来看,HFACS中不安全监管因素的范围小于24 Model中的监管范围,只包括组织内部的监管。This paper is aimed at analyzing the definition and categorization of the indicators of the unsafe monitoring factors in the HFACS（short for ＂the human factors analysis and classification system＂） model so as to compare and clarify the relation between the unsafe behaviors of HFACS and the 24 Model.Since the application of the model — a complicated accident causation model may involve the relation between the two models as well as their respective features,it turns to be necessary to facilitate its application and accommodate it to the Chinese context for its analysis of various types of accidents.To define and categorize the indicators of the unsafe supervision factors in HFACS,we have first of all made a comparison of the unsafe supervision factors in the system with the unsafe behaviors of the 24 Model along with a summary of the relation between the two models as well as their respective features.The results of the above comparison and analysis indicate that most of the unsafe supervision factors of the HFACS model belong to the unsafe behaviors of the 24 Model,with the former divided into 4 more detailed categories — the inadequate supervision,the planned inappropriate operations,the failure to regulate a known problem and the supervisory violations in addition to the latter boasting wider coverage.Thus,whereas the HFACS＇s unsafe supervision factors involve the unsafe behaviors of the supervisors,the unsafe behaviors of the 24 Model tend to refer not only to those on the part of supervisors,but also those of the accident or trouble makers.However,the aforementioned two types of unsafe behaviors differ from each other in the impact channels,for those of supervisors do not usually lead to any accidents directly.On the other hand,most of the unsafe behaviors of the accidents or trouble causers are likely to cause accident or accidents directly.In terms of coverage,the unsafe supervision factors of the HFACS usually refer only to the internal supervision,on the contrary,those of the 24 Model cover

关 键 词：安全管理工程 事故人为因素 HFACS 监管因素 事故致因24 MODEL 

分 类 号：X91[环境科学与工程—安全科学]