关于汉语“存在句”几个问题的新思考  

Rethinking of Some Issues on Existential Sentences in Mandarin Chinese

作　　者：卢英顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中文系,200433

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2017年第3期70-80,共11页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

摘　　要：本文就存在句的范围、存在句中动词的特点以及存在句的构式成分这几个方面进行了新的思考。结论是,存在句不包括一般所说的隐现句,它除了表示"存在"的"有"字句和"是"字句外,还包括由其他动词构成的存在句;这些动词必须具有这样的特点:由它们所激活的相应的认知图景中必须含有"处所"这一认知要素。存在句的典型形式是"NP_L+VP+NP"这样的序列,其非典型形式可以在一定程度上对典型形式有所偏离。This paper discusses some issues on Existential Sentences in Chinese, cover ing their scope, the characteristics of verbs in them and the elements of such constructions. It comes to the following conclusions： existential sentences include those that have both the meaning of ＂existence＂ and the sequence of ＂NPL ＋VP＋NP＂, exclusive of Appearance-- Disappearance Sentences; the verbs other than you （有）and shi （是） in them have the seman- tic feature of ＂location＂; existential sentences form a prototype category, and non-typical sentences can deviate from typical ones to some extent.

关 键 词：存在句 认知图景 原型范畴 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]