纳米纤维素制备的工艺优化与表征  

Optimization of preparation and characterization of nano cellulose

作　　者：张思航[1] 付润芳[1] 何永锋[1] 顾迎春[1] 陈胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学轻纺与食品学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《应用化工》2017年第5期897-901,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：四川省科技基金项目(2014JY0146);生态纺织教育部重点实验室开发课题资助项目(KLET 1510)

摘　　要：为了高产率的制备粒径均一的纳米纤维素。以棉浆粕为原料,采用硫酸溶胀结合超声波处理的方法制备纳米纤维素。采用单因素法系统研究了硫酸溶胀预处理条件和超声功率、超声时间等超声加工条件。优化的工艺为:硫酸质量分数64%,溶胀温度40℃,溶胀时间25 min,超声功率1 000 W,超声时间30 min。在优化工艺条件下,制得的纳米纤维素的产率可以达到54.04%。扫描电镜和透射电镜测试表明所制得的纳米纤维素为针状晶须形态,直径10~30 nm,长度100~300 nm。X-射线衍射分析表明所得纳米纤维素为纤维素Ⅰ型结晶结构,结晶度较棉浆粕略微降低。In order to obtain nano cellulose with high yield and uniform particle size. Nano cellulose was prepared by combining sulfuric acid swelling and ultrasound treatment method. The influence of sulfuric acid swelling and ultrasonic treatment conditions were systematically studied and the optimum technological conditions were determined. The results indicated that the optimized technological conditions were as follows: sulfuric acid concentration 64%,swelling temperature 40 ℃,swelling time 25 min,and ultrasonic conditions are 30 min at 1 000 W. Under the optimized conditions,the yield of nano cellulose reached54. 04%. It was observed from SEM and TEM that the prepared nano cellulose exhibited needle-like whiskers with 10 ~ 30 nm in diameter and 100 ~ 300 nm in length. Analysis of X-ray diffraction revealed that the nano cellulose produced by this method was cellulose Ⅰ with slightly decreased crystallinity than the raw pulp.

关 键 词：高产率 纳米纤维素 酸溶胀 超声波处理 

分 类 号：TQ041[化学工程] TQ352.2