宁夏黄河水系干流水质监测断面优化  

Optimization of water quality monitoring cross-sections of the main stream of Yellow River in Ningxia

作　　者：侯凯[1,2] 李亚斌[1,2] 钱会[1,2] 杨咪[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,西安710054 [2]旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,西安710054

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2017年第3期100-107,共8页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41172212)~~

摘　　要：黄河是宁夏地区最重要的地表水资源,所以整个黄河宁夏段水环境质量的优劣将影响宁夏社会经济的发展。基于2010年-2014年宁夏环境监测站的统计资料,以污染最严重的指标COD、氨氮、总磷的监测资料为基础,采取物元分析法、模糊聚类法及WASP模型对黄河干流宁夏段水质监测断面的布设进行优化。结果表明:现有的6个国控监测断面对黄河干流水质变化状况的监测不完善,须增设2个监测断面,分别位于下河沿与金沙湾国控断面间及叶盛公路桥与银古公路桥国控断面间,地理位置分别处于石空镇与临河镇,即105°40′31″E,37°34′04″N与106°18′36″E,38°16′11″N。The Yellow River is the most important surface water resource in Ningxia, so the water environment quality will directly affect the social and economic development of Ningxia. Based on the statistical data from the environmental monitoring station in Ningxia from 2010 to 2014, using the monitoring data of the main pollutants such as chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus, we employed matter-element analysis, fuzzy clustering, and WASP model to optimize the layout of the Yellow River water quality monitoring cross-sections in Ningxia section. The results showed that the present six national monitoring cross-sections could not provide sufficient monitoring of the water quality variation of Yellow River, and two additional monitoring cross-sections should be added. One should be between Xiaheyan and Jinshawan national monitoring cross-sections, and the other should be between Yesheng Road Bridge and Yingu Road Bridge national monitoring cross-sections. They are respectively at Shikong county （105°40′31″E, 37°34′04″N） and Linhe county （106°18′36″E, 38°16′11″N）.

关 键 词：水质监测 断面优化 物元分析 模糊聚类 WASP模型 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]