碳水化合物/油脂比对断奶仔猪免疫机能及肠道形态的影响  

Effect of diet CEV/FEV on immune and intestinal morphology of weanling piglets

作　　者：王贵富[1] 于文雅 孙泽威[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2017年第5期909-913,922,共6页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家"973"重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2013CB127306)

摘　　要：为了研究饲料中以玉米淀粉和大豆油作为能量来源对断奶仔猪免疫机能和肠道形态的影响,本试验选用18头健康仔猪,按随机区组分为3个处理,每组6个重复。采用单因子设计,饲喂仔猪碳水化合物与植物性脂肪的能值比(carbohydrate energy value,(CEV)/fat energy value,FEV)分别为:11.7∶1.0(低油脂组),1.5∶1.0(中油脂组)和1.0∶6.9(高油脂组)的日粮,各处理组消化能均为14.6 MJ/kg、粗蛋白含量均为17%的等能、等氮日粮,饲养试验结束后屠宰。结果显示,仔猪饲喂低油日粮组脾脏质量显著高于中油组和高油组(P<0.05),各组之间胸腺质量以及免疫器官指数无显著性差异(P>0.05);仔猪饲喂低油日粮组血清溶菌酶含量显著高于中油组和高油组(P<0.05);仔猪饲喂低油日粮组血清IgG含量最高(P<0.05),IgG含量从高到低含量排序为:低油组>中油组>高油组(P<0.05);同时,仔猪饲喂低油日粮不同程度提高仔猪十二指肠、空肠前段、空肠后段及回肠绒毛高度(P<0.05)。结果表明,高油日粮使仔猪肠道绒毛不同程度萎缩、损伤,免疫器官质量下降。低油日粮上述情况有所改观,表现为肠道绒毛较高、结构较为完整,免疫器官质量升高。可见,高CEV/FEV比日粮有益于改善动物机体免疫机能及肠道形态结构。To investigate the influence of corn starch and soybean oil as an energy source on the im- mune and intestinal morphology of weaned pigs, eighteen healthy pigs were randomly divided into three groups. Using single factor experiment design, each group of （carbohydrate energy value, CEV/fat energy value,FEV） was 11.7 ： 1.0 （low fat group）,1. 5 ： 1.0 （mid fat group） and 1.0 ： 6.9 （high fat group）,with equal energy and nitrogen diets in which the digestible energy was all 14.6 MJ/kg, protein level was all 17 %. The results showed that spleen weight in low oil diet group was higher compared with medium oil group and high oil group （P〈0.05）, thymus weight and immune organ index was no significant difference between three groups （P〉0.05） ;lysozyme con- tent of gilts in low oil diet group was higher compared with medium oil group and high oil group （P〈0.05） ;serum IgG content of gilts in low oil diet group was the highest（P〈0.05）. IgG con- tent in order from high to low was low oil group 〉 medium oil group 〉 high oil group （P 〈0.05） ;while,low oil diets increased height of duodenum, anterior jejunum, posterior jejunum and ileum villus in varying degrees. The intestinal villi atrophy and injure in varying degrees,decreased immune organ weight of gilts in high oil diet group. The above situation in low oil group was changed, displaying that intestinal villi was high, the structure was intact, the immune organ weight increased. Apparently,high CEV/FEV diet is more beneficial for animal immune function and intestinal morphology.

关 键 词：碳水化合物 油脂 断奶仔猪 免疫机能 肠道形态 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学] S852.4[农业科学—畜牧学]