马铃薯品种遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Potato Varieties

作　　者：段绍光[1] 金黎平[1] 李广存[1] 卞春松[1] 徐建飞[1] 胡军[1] 屈冬玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所/农业部薯类作物生物学和遗传育种重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《作物学报》2017年第5期718-729,共12页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD02B05);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS10)资助~~

摘　　要：为解析一套(559份)从世界各国收集的马铃薯种质资源的遗传多样性,用16个表型性状和36个SSR标记进行了聚类和多样性参数分析。对454份表型数据完整材料的UPGMA聚类分析表明,在欧氏距离14.66处被聚成2个类群(A_1和A),其中A_1在欧氏距离12.74处被分为A_(11)和A_(12)亚群;454份材料在欧氏距离11.73处被划成9个类群,包括4个小类(A、B、C和H)和5个大类(D、E、F、G和I),其中类群I所包括的材料占总数的57.5%,该结果较好地揭示了马铃薯种质材料之间的形态差异,区分生态类型不同和遗传差异明显的亲本。36个SSR标记在559份材料中共检测出134个多态性位点,每对引物检测1~7个等位变异,平均3.72个,引物多态性信息量(PIC)为0.1545~0.7743,平均为0.5783,说明品种间有丰富的遗传多样性。NJ系统进化树分析表明,559份材料可分为3个大群。类群I为一个混合群,各地区品种均有分布,包括133份马铃薯材料,占总数的23.8%;类群II中欧洲、北美及中国东北和西北地区的材料所占比重较大,数量为187,占33.5%;类群III中北美、南美以及中国东北和西南地区马铃薯材料所占比重较大,包含239份材料,占42.8%。表型性状聚类与SSR分子标记聚类结果相似,均与地理位置有很大相关性,应结合共同用于评价马铃薯品种遗传多样性。This study aimed at disclosing the genetic diversity of 559 potato accessions that were collected from different countries. The UPGMA cluster analysis was conducted in 454 accessions according to 16 phenotypic traits. All the accessions were grouped into clusters A1 and A at the Euclidean distance of 14.66. The cluster A1 was further grouped into subclusters A11 and A12 at the Euclidean distance of 12.74. The 454 accessions were grouped into nine clusters（A, B, C, H, D, E, F, G, and I） at the Euclidean distance of 11.73, in which the biggest one, cluster I, accounted for 57.5% of 454 accessions. The clustering analysis showed diverse morphology and ecological distribution in this set of potato materials, particularly distinguished the parental materials with obvious genetic difference. The whole 559 accessions were also analyzed with 36 pairs of SSR primers and a total of 134 polymorphic alleles were amplified. A single SSR marker detected 1–7 alleles with the mean of 3.72. The polymorphic information content value（PIC） ranged from 0.1545 to 0.7743 with the mean of 0.5783, indicating abundant genetic diversity in this set of potato germplasm. In the phylogenetic tree based on Neighbor-Jointing method, the 559 accessions were clustered into three groups. Group I was a mixed collection with 133 accessions（23.8%） from various regions. Group II（187 accessions, 33.5%） was gathered mainly by accessions from Europe, North America, and Northeast and Northwest China. Group III consisted of 239 accessions（42.8%）, mainly from North America, South America, and Northeast and Southwest China. In this study, geographic distributions of the 559 potato accessions are clear and consistent in clustering analyses by morphologic and SSR markers, there-fore the combination of phenotypic traits and molecular markers are recommended in evaluating genetic diversity of potato resources.

关 键 词：马铃薯 种质资源 农艺性状 SSR 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]