吐温80对柴油污染老化土壤的洗脱特征及影响  

Characterization and effect of washing diesel oil-contaminated aged soil by Tween 80

作　　者：王辉[1] 吴昊[1] 孙丽娜[1] 王晓旭[1] 刘哲[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳大学区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室,沈阳110044 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2017年第5期3239-3243,共5页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：沈阳市科学事业费竞争性选择项目;沈阳市科技计划项目(F14-133-9-00);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2014CB441106)

摘　　要：研究了柴油污染土壤的老化特性及吐温80(Tween 80)修复柴油污染老化土壤的效率和对总油中含有不同基团物质的洗脱特性,进行了一系列不同浓度的Tween 80洗脱柴油污染老化土壤实验,并使用红外分光光度法对洗脱后的土壤和残留液中的总油及各基团浓度进行测定。结果表明,经过1年时间的老化,约53%的柴油从土壤中挥发,土壤中残留的总油中约40.55%为稳定吸附态。随着洗脱液中Tween 80浓度的提高,老化土壤中总油量不断减少,但当Tween 80浓度超过3 000 mg·L^(-1)时土壤中总油含量的减少速率和Tween 80的增溶效率的增加速率显著降低,因此3 000 mg·L^(-1)浓度的Tween 80作为洗脱液性价比最高,其对吸附态总油的洗脱率为20.30%,对老化土中总油的洗脱率为67.68%。Tween 80溶液洗脱石油污染老化土时,对含烷烃(CH3)基团和含烯烃(CH2)基团的物质洗脱效率较高,而对于含芳烃(CH)基团的物质洗脱效率相对较低。This research aimed to study the aging characteristics of diesel-oil-contaminated soil and the effect of washing this soil with Tween 80. A series of washing experiments were conducted, and the concentrations of oil and different groups in the soil after washing were determined. The results showed that 53% diesel oil was volat- ilized from the soil after one year of aging, and 40.55% of the oil in the soil was in the stable adsorption state af- ter washing. With increasing Tween 80 concentration in the eluent,the concentration of oil in the soil decreased ; however,the rate of this decrease slowed when the Tween 80 concentration exceeded 3 000 mg · L-1 Thus, 3 000 mg · L^-1 was identified as the optimal eluent concentration,and the elution rate of the oil in the stable ad- sorption state was 20. 30% and 67.68% of the total oil. Compared to the material containing aromatic groups, washing with Tween 80 was more efficient for materials containinz olefin grouns and alkane grouns.

关 键 词：柴油污染土壤 老化土壤 吐温80 基团 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]