科学家网络公共参与行为模式及其公共协商程度  

Scientists' Online Public Participations and Deliberativeness of their Behaviors

作　　者：金兼斌[1] 徐雅兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学新闻与传播学院

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第3期97-108,共12页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家转基因生物新品种培育重大专项重大课题"转基因生物技术发展科普宣传与风险交流"(2016ZX08015002);北京市哲学社会科学规划项目"网络社群的集体行动与社会治理"(12SHA002)

摘　　要：科学家,尤其是自然科学家,很少是公共参与的积极分子。然而社交媒体的迅猛发展正在改变这一现状。在许多争议事件中,如PM2.5空气污染和转基因食品安全等,科学家在社交媒体中的言论越来越多被大众所关注。作为接受了系统科学教育和具备理性思辨能力的群体,科学家在网络空间参与有关话题的讨论时,其公共参与模式有什么特点?讨论的公共协商程度如何?这是本文主要探讨的两个问题。研究以新浪微博平台为例,通过目标抽样,选取上百位加V认证的科学家及其微博进行内容分析。研究发现,科学家在微博平台上网络公共参与的行为特征为:广泛参与,但程度不深、形式单一;社会议题占比多,常超越专业领域发声;不同学科科学家,网络公共参与议题偏好有明显区分。同时,影响科学家网络公共协商程度高低的因素有:科学家的学科专业、职称以及微博的发布方式、内容呈现形式以及议题与科学家专业的相关度等。本研究不仅扩展了我们对新媒体环境下社会精英群体的公共参与行为的认知,也对促进科学家网络公共参与的良性发展具有实践启发性。Traditionally, scientists rarely engage themselves in public affairs in China. The rise of social media, however, is changing the landscape. Nowadays, in various online public debates on some highly controversial issues, such as GMO and PM2.5 air pollution, scientists are more and more re{erred and involved in the activities. This study aims to discuss the patterns of scientists＇ online public participa- tions, as well as the deliberativeness of their behaviors, based on the observation of the relevant ac- counts on Weibo, one of China＇s most influential public spaces. A total of 105 scientists＂ microblogging contents are analyzed for the purpose. It is found that scientists＂ participation of online public discussions is limited in terms of the scope and the scale of participation in a whole. Among the scientists from varied disciplines or fields, the preferred issues they possibly participate to discuss are quite diversified, and many o{ which are irrelevant with their professional expertise. Generally speaking, the deliberativeness levels of their online public participation are in the medium range. The implications of the findings are also discussed.

关 键 词：科学家 社交媒体 网络公共参与 行为模式 公共协商 

分 类 号：G206.3[文化科学—传播学]