大米蛋白替代鱼粉对团头鲂生长、肠道消化吸收功能以及氨基酸代谢的影响  

Effects of fish meal replacement by rice protein concentrate on growth,intestinal digestive and absorptive capability and amino acid metabolism of blunt snout bream( Megalobrama amblycephala)

作　　者：蔡万存[1] 李向飞[1] 蒋广震[1] 刘双庆 刘文斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院/江苏省水产动物营养重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [2]湖北京源山生物科技股份有限公司,湖北荆门431800

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2017年第3期529-538,共10页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家大宗淡水鱼类产业技术体系项目(CARS-46-20)

摘　　要：[目的]本文旨在探究大米蛋白替代鱼粉以及补充微囊或者晶体赖氨酸对团头鲂生长、肠道消化吸收功能以及氨基酸代谢的影响。[方法]制备了4组等氮等能的饲料,分别为鱼粉组(FM)、大米蛋白组(RPC)、大米蛋白添加微囊赖氨酸组(MRPC)和大米蛋白添加晶体赖氨酸组(CRPC)。将鱼饱食投喂8周,每日投喂3次。[结果]FM组团头鲂每日生长指数和饲料效率显著高于RPC组(P<0.05),而与其他各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。RPC组肠道蛋白酶、脂肪酶、Na+,K+-ATP酶、碱性磷酸酶、肌酸激酶和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶的活性显著低于FM组(P<0.05),而MRPC与CRPC组和FM组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。RPC组肝脏天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶和丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著低于其他组(P<0.05),而琥珀酸脱氢酶活性显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。RPC组血浆中蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸、总蛋白和白蛋白含量显著低于其他各组(P<0.05),而尿素氮含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。此外,FM组血浆中牛磺酸水平显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。各组间肠道淀粉酶、肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶以及血浆谷草和谷丙转氨酶活性无显著差异(P>0.05)。[结论]大米蛋白替代鱼粉对团头鲂生长、肠道消化吸收功能以及氨基酸代谢有一定影响,但在饲料中补充微囊或者晶体赖氨酸可以弥补这一缺陷。[ Objectives ] This study aimed to evaluate the effects of fish meal（ FM ）replacement by rice protein concentrate （RPC）with supplementation of microcapsule lysine （ML） or crystalline lysine （CL） on growth, intestinal digestive and absorptive capacity and amino acid metabolism of blunt snout bream. [ Methods] Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic practical diets were formulated, inclu- ding FM diet, RPC diet（ FM replaced by RPC）, MRPC diet（ FM replaced by RPC with ML supplementation）and CRPC diet（ FM replaced by RPC with CL supplementation）. Fish were fed to apparent satiation three times daily for eight weeks. [ Results] Fish fed FM diet had significantly higher daily growth index and feed efficiency ratio of blunt snout bream than that of RPC group, but showed no statistical difference with other groups. Fish fed RPC diet showed lower activities of intestinal protease, lipase, Na~ , K＋-ATPase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase and ^-glutamyl transpeptidase than that of the FM group （P〈0.05）. No significant difference was found in these parameters among fish fed MRPC, CRPC and FM diets （P〉0.05）. Fish fed RPC diet showed lower hepatic activi- ties of aspartate aminotransferase（AST） and alanine aminotransferase（ALT） but higher activity of succino dehydrogenase than that of the other groups（P〈0.05）. Fish fed RPC diet showed lower plasma contents of Met, Phe, Lys, His, total protein and albumin but higher urinary nitrogen than that of the other groups （P〈0.05）. In addition, fish fed FM diet showed higher plasma Tan content than that of the other groups（P〈0.05）. No significant difference was observed in activities of intestinal amylase, hepatic xanthine oxidase and plasmatic aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase among all groups（P〉0.05）. [ Conclusions] FM replaced by RPC had several effects on growth, intestinal digestive and absorptive capacity and amino acid metabolism for blunt snout bream. However, the negative effects c

关 键 词：团头鲂 鱼粉 大米蛋白 生长 肠道酶活性 氨基酸代谢 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]