纯小数加工的心理机制:选择通达还是平行通达?  

The processing of pure decimal numbers: Selective access or parallel access?

作　　者：孙悦亮[1,2] 郑伟意 何先友[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学心理应用研究中心/心理学院/心理健康与认知科学广东省重点实验室,广州510631 [2]韩山师范学院教育科学学院,广东潮州521041

出　　处：《心理学报》2017年第5期611-621,共11页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：采用数字线索提示的目标觉察范式,以60名在校大学生与研究生为被试,设计3个实验探讨纯小数(整数部分是零的小数,例如0.2)的加工及其与空间表征的联系。实验1探讨纯小数作为线索时是否能引起空间注意的空间-数字反应编码联合效应(Spatial Numerical Association of Response Codes,SNARC),结果发现,纯小数数量大小的加工可以引起空间注意的SNARC效应;实验2探讨纯小数的加工是否会同时激活小数点后对应的自然数,结果发现,对纯小数数量大小相同、小数点后对应的自然数是否有0(例如0.2和0.20,0.4和0.40)的加工能引起空间注意的转移;实验3比较纯小数的加工对纯小数本身及小数点后对应的自然数激活强度,结果发现,在纯小数数量大小判断和纯小数小数点后对应的自然数数量大小判断冲突的条件下,纯小数的加工未能引起注意的SNARC效应。该研究结果表明,在目标觉察范式中,纯小数的加工采取了平行通达的方式,引发了注意的SNARC效应,并且纯小数空间注意的转移受到纯小数本身以及对应的自然数的影响。The Spatial Numerical Association of Response Codes （SNARC） Effect and Spatial Shifts of Attention effect have demonstrated the connection between number processing and representation of space. However, previous studies on digital cognitive mechanisms have focused mainly on positive integers, whereas abstract numbers such as decimal numbers between 0 and 1 have drawn less attention. Varma ＆ Karl （2013） first studied such pure decimal numbers, finding that there was a SNARC effect, as well as observing a semantic interference effect. Sashank proposed the parallel access hypothesis to explain the semantic interference effect. However, we argue that some defects existed in the methods used in the previous research, and the conclusion of processing and representation of pure decimal numbers still need further investigation. Whether the processing and representation of pure decimal numbers is also associated with space, and whether pure decimal numbers and natural numbers proximal to the displayed decimal point will be activated at the same time. Existing research has not yet provided an answer. Using the target detection task paradigm with number cues we conducted three experiments to test the processing of pure decimal numbers and its connection with space representation. The purpose of Experiment 1 was to explore whether pure decimal numbers as cues could result in the SNARC effect. The results showed that larger pure decimal numbers could cause the SNARC effect. Experiment 2 was to explore whether the pure decimal number characterization could activate the corresponding number at the same time. The results showed that the processing of pure decimal numbers with the same size and different natural number places （such as 0.2 and 0.20, 0.4 and 0.40） both could lead to the shift of spatial attention. Experiment 3 compared the processing intensity of pure decimal numbers and natural numbers after the decimal point. The results showed that the processing to the inconformity of judging the quantity size of

关 键 词：纯小数 SNARC效应 空间注意转移 平行通达假说 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]