供氮水平对一串红‘橙香公主’生长和氮磷钾吸收的影响  

Nitrogen nutrient solutions for growth of Salvia splendens 'Chengxiang Gongzhu' with N, P and K absorption

作　　者：佟静[1] 刘克锋[2] 孙向阳[1] 李素艳[1] 张秀芳[2] TONG Jing LIU Kefeng SUN Xiangyang LI Suyan ZHANG Xiufang(College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China Urban and Rural Development College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [2]北京农学院城乡发展学院,北京102206

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2017年第3期465-472,共8页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科学研究与研究生培养共建项目资助(BLCXY201508);国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201504205)

摘　　要：氮是影响园林植物生长发育和观赏品质的关键元素。以典型园林植物一串红Salvia splendens栽培型‘橙香公主’‘Chengxiang Gongzhu’为试验材料,设置0(N_0),5(N_1),25(N_2),50(N_3),100(N_4),150(N_5),200(N_6),250 mg·L^(-1)(N_7)等8个不同氮素水平,研究了不同氮营养液施用量对植株生长指标和养分吸收的影响。结果表明:在0~250 mg·L^(-1)范围内随着施氮水平的增加,株高、冠幅、地径、干物质质量和叶绿素质量分数出现先增加后减低趋势。其中株高、植株干物质质量均在N_5达到最大值,冠幅和地径、叶绿素质量分数均在N_6达到最大值。叶面积和根长随着施氮水平的增加而增加,根冠比先下降后趋于平缓。随着供氮水平的增加,‘橙香公主’氮吸收量逐渐增加,氮的吸收率呈先下降后上升波动趋势。随着供氮水平的增加,根、茎、叶、花部位钾养分的吸收比磷的吸收影响更为明显,其中对根和花中钾的吸收,以及对叶和花中磷吸收影响最为明显。综合研究结果表明,供氮水平为150~200 mg·L^(-1)最适合‘橙香公主’的生长发育。Nitrogen is the key element for garden plant growth and ornamental quality . The research o f the ap-plication of nutrient solution is an important way to prohibit the improper nitrogen application. To study the ef-fects on the plant growth index and nutrient （P, K） absorption, a nutrient solution was applied to a typical gar-den plant Salvia splendens % Chengxiang Gongzhu＇. Eight different N concentration levels of 0, 5, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg.L-1 （named N1 , N1 , N2, N3, N4, N5, N6 , and N7）, respectively, tions were conducted for each treatment. Duncan＆ s new multiple range test was used for the statistical s ignif i-cance test, with the significance level of P 〈 0.05. Results indicated that with an increasing N level, plant height, crown diameter, ground diameter, dry weight, and chlorophyll content f irs t significantly rose and then dropped. Plant height and plant dry weight reached a maximum with N5, and crown breadth, ground diameter, and chlorophyll content al l reached a maximum with N6. As N increased, leaf area and root length significantly increasing, but the root-shoot ratio f irs t dropped then began to flatten. ‘ Chengxiang Gongzhu’ N uptake also increased gradually; whereas, the N absorption ratio decreased sharply from N1 to N2 followed by fluctuations from N3 to N7. In al l plant organs （root, stem, leaf, and flower） , the addition of N influenced the K absorptionratio more than the absorption of P. The most obvious effects of adding N were on K absorption in roots and flowers, and P absorption in flowers and leaves. Based on this study, recommended N concentration levels be-tween 150- 200 mg.L-1 would be most suitable for the growth of ‘ Chengxiang Gongzhu’ .

关 键 词：植物营养学 氮营养液 一串红'橙香公主’ 植物生长 养分吸收 

分 类 号：Q945.1[生物学—植物学]