中国古代社会官吏文化制度与体制建设——契丹官吏世选的个案分析  

Social Officials Cultural System and Hereditary Election System in Ancient China——A Case Study of the Hereditary Election System of Qidan

作　　者：杨军[1] 王成名[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学文学院历史系,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《延边大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第3期69-74,共6页Journal of Yanbian University：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：中国古代的世选制可谓由来已久,契丹的世选制源于契丹军事民主制时期的选举传统,最初是作为辽朝贵族与功臣的一项特权,对辽朝政权产生了巨大的影响。建国后,世选制在发展中不断调整,并没有因为国家机构的建立而消亡。从其确立到成为一种通行的社会制度,世选制不仅成为皇室外戚贵族集团分工传统与执政之习惯,更是辽朝官吏选任的一项重要制度。在辽建国前期,世选制较好地顺应了我国北方古代游牧民族的习惯,最大限度地争取了世家大族的支持,在有限的范围内发挥了选贤与能的功能,为辽初政治的稳定做出了巨大的贡献,助其迅速崛起。辽朝中后期,随着封建化程度不断加深,世选制已无法为其行政机构提供充足且合格的人才储备,成为辽朝社会发展的羁绊,无疑是促使辽朝灭亡的一个重要原因。The hereditary election of Qidan is originated from the traditional election in the period of military democracy, which served as a privilege of the nobility and the hero, had a great impact on the political power. From establishment to becoming a prevailing social system, the hereditary election was not only the habit of the royal family of noble group and being in power, but also the important system of official selection of the Liao Dynasty. In the early days of the founding of the Liao Dynasty, the hereditary election conformed to the habits of the ancient nomadic people in the north of China , maximized the support of the great family, and made a huge contribution to political stability in the early Liao Dynasty. With the deepening of the degree of feudalism, the hereditary election was unable to provide sufficient and qualified personnel in the late period of the Liao Dynasty. It became the fetters of the social development and the reason of the demise of the Liao Dynasty.

关 键 词：辽朝 契丹 世选制 官吏体制 

分 类 号：K246.1[历史地理—历史学]