重庆部分地区的种质资源调查荞麦篇  

Investigation of Crops Resources in Chongqing Municipality in the View of Buckwheat Species

作　　者：高佳[1] 黄娟[2] 冉启凡 严娟[4] 董昕[2] 杨海健[2] 张晓春[2] 范彦[3] 张谊模[2] 张云贵[2] 高爱农[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [2]重庆市农业科学院,重庆401329 [3]重庆市畜牧科学院,重庆402460 [4]江苏省农业科学院园艺科研所,南京210014

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2017年第3期595-601,共7页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：第三次全国农作物种质资源普查与收集专项;中国农业科学院科技创新工程;小宗作物种质资源保护(2016NWB036-06);特色小宗作物种质资源发掘与创新利用(2013BAD01B05-2)

摘　　要："第三次全国农作物种质资源调查与收集"重庆项目组,于2015年10月至11月初在重庆市巫山县、奉节县和石柱县3个县开展了农业生物资源的系统调查,通过深入村社和农户,调查了解作物种类与品种多样性情况,收集和挖掘古老、特有和稀少种质资源。本次调查共收集到农作物地方品种和野生近缘植物种质资源341份,其中粮油作物136份、蔬菜86份、果树57份、茶树5份、烟草22份、牧草30份、麻类5份。本文重点介绍在粮油作物中的荞麦种质资源调查和资源收集情况,在收集到的19份荞麦资源中,既有珍稀、古老的地方品种,也包括特有野生资源。荞麦承载了彝族等少数民族的文化内涵,随着现代农业的发展,荞麦的古老、珍稀和特有种质资源正在流失,建议相关部门因地制宜,在发展现代农业生产的同时,采取必要的经济措施,对古老、珍稀和特有的荞麦种质资源,进行农户或原生境保护,为进一步开发利用提供种质资源基础。Under the Third National-Wide Investigation of Crop Germplasm Resources Project, the agrobiologi- cal resources in Wushan, Fengjie and Shizhu counties in Chongqing municipality were surveyed systematically dur- ing October and November in 2015. Through visiting communities and interviewing with farmers, information on crop species and variety diversity were collected and local old, native and rare germplasm resources were sampled. A total of 341 samples of landraces and crop wild relatives were collected,including 136 samples of food and oil crops,86 samples of vegetables,57 samples of fruit trees ,5 samples of tea,22 samples of tobacco ,30 samples of forages and 5 samples of fiber crops. The current article will mainly introduce the survey and samples of buckwheat germplasm resources under the food and oil crops catalogue. Among i9 samples of buckwheat, not only the rare and old landrac- es,but also wild resources were collected. Buckwheat as a traditional crop of Yi ethnic group was losing its old, native and rare germplasm resources due to the development of modern agriculture. It was suggested that the relevant sectors should take measures to protect the old, native and rare buckwheat germplasm resources through household and in situ conservation for sustainable utilization.

关 键 词：荞麦 重庆 少数民族传统 种质资源 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学]