幸福者更适应,还是适应者更幸福?——基于大学新生的追踪研究  

Are Happy People More Adaptable,or Adaptable People are Happier?——A Longitudinal Study of College Freshmen

作　　者：陈永香[1] 刘晓薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学教育科学学院心理系,太原030006

出　　处：《心理发展与教育》2017年第3期378-384,共7页Psychological Development and Education

基　　金：山西省高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2014201)

摘　　要：本研究对122名大学新生进行了半年追踪,采用交叉滞后分析法考察适应性与幸福感之间的关系。入学三个月时初次测试(T1),初测半年之后后测(T2)。结果发现:(1)幸福感和适应性之间显著正相关,同时预测的效果高于继时预测;(2)交叉滞后相关分析表明,适应性T1对幸福感T2的预测(r=0.50)高于幸福感T1对适应性T2的预测(r=0.32);(3)学习适应性T1(18%)和人际适应性T1(11%)共同预测主观幸福感T1中29%的变异;(4)控制初测总体适应性T1(31%),对大学的认可度T2(21%)和个人情绪适应性T2(3%)还可以解释幸福感T2中24%的变异。因此,本研究发现大学生适应者更幸福,而不是幸福者更适应。该结果对于提升大学生的幸福感具有一定的教育启示意义。Using cross lagged correlation, 122 freshmen were followed for half a year to investigate the relationship between adaptability and subjective well-being. The participants were firstly tested three months after enrollment （T1）, and retested （T2） half year after the first test. The results showed that 1 ） Adaptability and happiness had a significant positive correlation. The effect of the same time prediction was greater than the sequential prediction. 2） The cross lagged correlation showed that the prediction from adaptability T1 to happiness T2 （ r = 0.50） was higher than contrary （r = 0.32） ; 3） The adaptability of learning T1 （ 18% ） and interpersonal adaptability T1 （ 11% ） could predict 29% variation of subjective well-being T1.4） After controlling the effect of the whole adapta- bility T1, the recognition of college T2 and personal feelings T2 could explain 24% variation of subjective well-being T2. Hence the results of the present study imply that those who could adapt college life lead to a happy life, not the opposite. These results have educational implications for promoting college students＇ well-being.

关 键 词：适应性 主观幸福感 交叉滞后分析 大学新生 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]