基于三维生态足迹模型的流域自然资本动态评估——以福建省九龙江流域为例  

Dynamic evaluation of natural capital using the Three-Dimension Ecological Footprint Model:the Jiulong River Basin in Southeast China

作　　者：马维兢 刘斌 杨德伟[1,3] 郭青海[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境与健康重点实验室中国科学院城市环境研究所,厦门361021 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]厦门市城市代谢重点实验室,厦门361021

出　　处：《资源科学》2017年第5期871-880,共10页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371535;41690142);福建省科技计划项目引导性项目(2015Y0082)

摘　　要：自然资本评估是研究区域生态系统平衡及可持续发展的重要方法。文章基于三维生态足迹模型,核算了2000-2015年九龙江流域不同地类及区域人均足迹深度、足迹广度和三维生态足迹,并通过资本流量占用率和存量流量利用比等指标,详细分析了区域自然资本流量、自然资本存量的占用情况及不同地类之间的差异。结果表明:(1)九龙江流域人均足迹深度由2.34增加至4.33,足迹广度由0.463hm2/人增加至0.655hm2/人,三维生态足迹由1.08hm2/人不断扩大至2.84hm2/人,说明区域自然资本流量占用逐渐增大,自然资本存量消耗快速上升,生态系统资源供给压力加剧;(2)不同地类自然资本利用差异显著,除林、草地外,其它用地从2011年开始均处于生态赤字状态;其中,化石能源用地需求增加最快,是区域生态足迹加速上升的最主要原因;(3)促进九龙江流域可持续发展在于增加资本流量限度、减少资本存量消耗,为此需要倡导节约型消费、加大耕地资源保护力度、科学规划建设用地规模、提高能源利用效率等。Natural capital assessment is an important way to analyze the regional ecosystem balance and sustainable development. Based on the Three-Dimensional Ecological Footprint Model, the per capita footprint depth, footprint size and three-dimensional ecological footprint from 2000 to 2015 were calculated for regional and different land types in the Jiulong River Basin, southeast China. We analyzed the occupation of regional natural capital flow and natural capital stocks, and differences among different land types using the capital flow occupancy rate, use ratio of stocks to flows and other indices. We found that in the Jiulong River Basin, the per capita footprint depth increased from 2.34 to 4.33, the per capita footprint size increased from 0.463hm2 to 0.655hm2, and the per capita three-dimensional ecological footprint expanded from 1.08hm2 to 2.84hmL This means that the occupation level of regional natural capital flows gradually increased, the consumption of natural capital stocks rapidly increased, and thus resulted in the more intensive pressure on ecosystem services. Significant differences lie in the use of natural capital in different land types. All land types but forest and grassland performed were in ecological deficit from 2011. Increased demand on fossil energy land was the fastest and led to accelerated increase in the regional ecological footprint. Increasing natural capital flows and reducing the consumption of natural capital stocks are urgently required in order to achieve regional sustainability. More measures are encouraged to regulate construction land scale, protect limited cultivated land, improve energy use efficiency and promote conservation-oriented consumption.

关 键 词：生态足迹 三维模型 自然资本 可持续性 九龙江流域 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济] X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学]