可变空化器诱导超空泡形态特征的数值研究  

Numerical research on shape of supercavity induced by the variable cavitator

作　　者：胡晓[1,2] 郜冶[3] 彭辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443008 [2]三峡大学三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,湖北宜昌443008 [3]哈尔滨工程大学航天与建筑工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2017年第2期203-212,共10页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心开放基金(2015KF-03);宜昌市大学科学研究与应用项目(A16-302-a13)~~

摘　　要：基于变阻力空化器理论,该文提出一种可用于调节水下航行体侧向力(包括俯仰力和偏航力)的可变侧向力空化器控制方案,利用FLUENT的混合多相流模型对空化器三维空泡绕流现象进行数值研究,验证了该可变空化器控制超空泡形态与航行体侧向力的能力。计算结果显示,通过控制元件的径向运动,可变侧向力空化器能有效调节水下航行体的俯仰力、偏航力以及超空泡的外形尺寸。当控制元件任意一侧的凸出高度达到空化器直径的5%,非轴对称状态的空化器会产生相当于阻力30%的升力或侧向力,同时空泡截面内凹;来流攻角在0°–10°范围内变化时,可变侧向力空化器能够减缓超空泡轴线的偏移程度,同时空化器的升力系数随着攻角的增加会有一定程度下降。A control scheme named the variable-lateral-force cavitator, which was focused on adjusting the lateral forces including pitching and yawing forces for the underwater vehicle was proposed on the basis of the theory of cavitator. It wasresearched applying the mixture multiphase fluid model in FLUENT to testify the ability of the variable cavitator to regulate the supercavity shape and the corresponding lateral forces for underwater vehicles. The calculated results confirm that the pitching force, the yawing force and the supercavity size of underwater vehicle can be effectively adjusted by the variable-lateral-force cavitator through the movements of the control element in circumferential direction. In addition, an amount of lift or lateral force equivalent to 30% drag in magnitude will be produced by the non-axisymmetrical cavitator when the height of control element protruding on either side is reached at 5% diameter of the cavitator, and the supercavity section concaves inwards simultaneously. It is found that the deviation of supercavity axis can be balanced out by the variable-lateral-force cavitator when the angle of attack varies between 0°-10°, and the lift coefficient of the cavitator declines as the angle of attack increases.

关 键 词：超空泡 可变空化器 侧向力 升力系数 数值模拟 

分 类 号：O359.1[理学—流体力学]