苏北泗洪晚更新世淮河古菱齿象化石层位及其古环境  

THE DISCOVERY OF A LATE PLEISTOCENE PALAEOLOXODON HUAIHOENSISSKELETON FROM SIHONG COUNTY IN NORTHERN JIANGSU PROVINCE

作　　者：钱迈平[1] 高天山[1] 蒋仁[1] 朱清波[1] 靳国栋[1] 于俊杰[1] 马雪[1] 姜杨[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心,江苏南京210016

出　　处：《地层学杂志》2017年第2期173-178,共6页Journal of Stratigraphy

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目:钦杭成矿带德兴-歙县地区地质矿产调查(项目编码:121201008000150004);长三角覆盖区1/5万填图试点(项目编码:DD20160063)资助

摘　　要：苏北泗洪县石集乡毛山村桂台附近上更新统戚嘴组上部地层新发现一具保存相当完整的淮河古菱齿象(Palaeoloxodon huaihoensis)骨架化石。经化石发掘及地层剖面调查,推算该象站立时肩高超过4m,死亡年龄约50岁,时代为晚更新世MIS 3间冰期(距今约5万年),在河漫滩沼泽湿地饮水或进食期间淤陷被埋葬。化石地点所在的盱眙—泗洪丘陵岗地沉积区,第四纪地层自下而上显示了更新世冰期—间冰期反复交替的过程:更新世豆冲组沉积于MIS 97间冰期初始阶段,泊岗组沉积于MIS 17~MIS 9之间的间冰期,戚嘴组沉积于MIS 5~MIS 3之间的间冰期,全新统连云港组沉积于MIS 1间冰期。这些组之间大多呈假整合接触,是其间各冰期造成的地层缺失。古菱齿象就是在更新世冰期—间冰期反复交替中演化分异出众多个体大小差异很大的种和亚种,以适应变化的环境,其中淮河古菱齿象就是体形向大型化演化的代表之一。A relatively complete fossil skeleton of Palaeoloxodon huaihoensis was discovered from the up- per part of the Upper Pleistocene Qizui Formation at Guitai of Maoshan Village in Shiji Town of Sihong County, northern Jiangsu Province. The specimen is one of the best-preserved skeletons of Palaeoloxodon in China. It is estimated that it was about 50 years old when it died and stood more than 4 meters at its shoulder. This elephant might have been trapped in wet mud when it was drinking or eating in the river- side or lakeside or marsh during the MIS 3 Interslacial Phase （ca. 0.05 Ma）. The Quaternary sequence in the Sihong-Xuyi region includes the Pleistocene Douchong Formation （early MIS 97 Interglacial Phase）, Bogang Formation （between MIS 17 and MIS 9 Interglacial Phases）, Qizui Formation （between MIS 5 and MIS 3 Interglacial Phases）, and Holocene Lianyungang Formation （MIS 1 Interglacial Phase）. The bound- aries between the formations mentioned above were represented by disconformities caused by glaciations. Repeated glacial-interglacial cycles during the Pleistocene caused repeated migration and isolation of ele- phant populations. Palaeoloxodon eventually evolved numerous species that varied widely in size in adap- tation to their different habitats. Palaeoloxodon huaihoensis is one of the larger species.

关 键 词：生物地层 地层 古环境 淮河古菱齿象 晚更新世 第四纪 泗洪县 江苏省 

分 类 号：P534.63[天文地球—第四纪地质学]